Cosmic-ray muons in the deep ocean

A string of seven optical detectors deployed from a ship was used to detect the Cherenkov light from muons at ocean depths ranging from 2000 to 4000 m in intervals of {similar to}500 m. The flux and angular distributions of cosmic-ray muons were measured. An effective area for fivefold coincidences...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Physical review. D, Particles and fields Vol. 42; no. 11; pp. 3613 - 3620
Main Authors:	BABSON, J, BARISH, B, JAWORSKI, M, KITAMURA, T, KROPP, W, LEARNED, J. G, MATSUNO, S, MARCH, R, LITSUI, K, O'CONNOR, D, OHASHI, Y, OKADA, A, BECKER-SZENDY, R, PETERSON, V, PRICE, L, REINES, F, ROBERTS, A, ROOS, C, SOBEL, H, STENGER, V. J, WEBSTER, M, WILSON, C, BRADNER, H, CADY, R, CLEM, J, DYE, S. T, GAIDOS, J, GORHAM, P, GRIEDER, P. K. F
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Ridge, NY American Physical Society 01-12-1990
Subjects:	640101 - Astrophysics & Cosmology- Cosmic Radiation ANGULAR DISTRIBUTION CHARGED PARTICLE DETECTION CHERENKOV COUNTERS CLASSICAL AND QUANTUM MECHANICS, GENERAL PHYSICS COINCIDENCE SPECTROMETRY COSMIC MUONS COSMIC RADIATION DETECTION DISTRIBUTION DUMAND PROJECT Earth, ocean, space ELEMENTARY PARTICLES Exact sciences and technology External geophysics FERMIONS IONIZING RADIATIONS LEPTONS MAGNETIC SPECTROMETERS Marine optics and underwater sound MEASURING INSTRUMENTS MUON DETECTION MUONS OPTICAL EQUIPMENT Physics of the oceans RADIATION DETECTION RADIATION DETECTORS RADIATIONS SPECTROMETERS UNDERWATER OPERATIONS Cosmological constant Cosmology Ocean Radiation detection Depth Surface
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Summary:	A string of seven optical detectors deployed from a ship was used to detect the Cherenkov light from muons at ocean depths ranging from 2000 to 4000 m in intervals of {similar to}500 m. The flux and angular distributions of cosmic-ray muons were measured. An effective area for fivefold coincidences of 420 m{sup 2} for downward-going muons was achieved. The results are consistent with those derived from underground observations and theoretical calculations. The measured vertical intensity ranges from (9.84{plus minus}6.5){times}10{sup {minus}8} cm{sup {minus}2} s{sup {minus}1} sr{sup {minus}1} at 2090 m of water equivalent (mwe) to (4.57{plus minus}1.37){times}10{sup {minus}9} cm{sup {minus}2} s{sup {minus}1} sr{sup {minus}1} at 4157 mwe.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0556-2821 1089-4918
DOI:	10.1103/PhysRevD.42.3613