The adverse influence of attention-deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity on cognition in neurofibromatosis type 1

Aim A substantial proportion of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have attention‐deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity (AD[H]D). This study explored the influence of AD(H)D symptoms on the intellectual profile of patients with NF1. Method We retrospectively analysed neuropsycho...

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Published in:	Developmental medicine and child neurology Vol. 54; no. 10; pp. 892 - 897
Main Authors:	LIDZBA, KAREN, GRANSTRÖM, SOFIA, LINDENAU, JORGE, MAUTNER, VICTOR-FELIX
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-10-2012
Subjects:	Adolescent Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - classification Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - diagnosis Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity - therapy Child Cognition Disorders - classification Cognition Disorders - diagnosis Cognition Disorders - therapy Comorbidity Cooperative Behavior Early Diagnosis Early Medical Intervention Female Humans Intelligence Interdisciplinary Communication Learning Disorders - classification Learning Disorders - diagnosis Learning Disorders - therapy Male Neurofibromatosis 1 - classification Neurofibromatosis 1 - diagnosis Neurofibromatosis 1 - therapy Neuropsychological Tests Optic Nerve Glioma - classification Optic Nerve Glioma - diagnosis Optic Nerve Glioma - therapy Wechsler Scales
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Summary:	Aim A substantial proportion of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) have attention‐deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity (AD[H]D). This study explored the influence of AD(H)D symptoms on the intellectual profile of patients with NF1. Method We retrospectively analysed neuropsychological data from 114 children (66 males, 48 females; age range 6–16y; mean age 9y 3mo [SE 3mo]) with NF1 from an NF1 outpatients department. Assessment included psychiatric diagnosis of AD(H)D (DSM‐IV‐TR criteria) and intelligence testing (Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, German version). Magnetic resonance images were available for all patients, intracranial findings being an exclusion criterion. The effects of AD(H)D symptoms on intelligence and on the cognitive profile were tested by analyses of variance. Results Patients with AD(H)D symptoms performed significantly worse than those without AD(H)D symptoms on all intelligence measures (main effects for Full‐scale, Verbal, and Performance IQ; p<0.005). Subtests typically impaired in patients with NF1 (visuospatial skills and arithmetic) were not specifically influenced by AD(H)D symptoms. There were no differences between AD(H)D subtypes. Interpretation AD(H)D symptoms have a negative impact on the intellectual development of children with NF1. This impact seems to be of an unspecific nature, with a general attenuation of the cognitive profile. This article is commented on by Huijbregts on page 873‐874 of this issue.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/WNG-9F888ZM6-D istex:0ADF913093932D3425FE5E55B559682D9C119927 ArticleID:DMCN4377 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0012-1622 1469-8749
DOI:	10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04377.x