The use of a porcine intestinal cell model system for evaluating the food safety risk of Bacillus cereus probiotics and the implications for assessing enterotoxigenicity

Trapecar M, Leouffre T, Faure M, Jensen HE, Granum PE, Cencic A, Hardy SP. The use of a porcine intestinal cell model system for evaluating the food safety risk of Bacillus cereus probiotics and the implications for assessing enterotoxigenicity. APMIS 2011; 119: 877–84. The use of porcine intestinal...

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Published in:	APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica et immunologica Scandinavica Vol. 119; no. 12; pp. 877 - 884
Main Authors:	TRAPECAR, MARTIN, LEOUFFRE, THOMAS, FAURE, MORGANE, JENSEN, HENRIK E, GRANUM, PER E, CENCIC, AVRELIJA, HARDY, SIMON P
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-12-2011 Blackwell
Subjects:	animal models Animals Bacillus cereus Bacillus cereus - pathogenicity Bacterial Adhesion Bacteriology Biological and medical sciences Cell culture Cell Line Cytotoxicity Deletion mutant Diarrhea Enterotoxins Food Food Safety functional cell models Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Infectious diseases Intestinal Mucosa - pathology Intestine Medical sciences Microbiology Miscellaneous Nitric oxide Nitric Oxide - biosynthesis pig probiotics Probiotics - toxicity Risk Assessment Risk factors Spores Substance P Swine Toxicity Toxins Animal model risk assessment animal models functional cell models Cytotoxicity Bacillaceae Bacillus cereus Immunology Bacillales Swine Bacteria Ungulata Food Probiotic Farming animal Digestive system Enterotoxins Gut Pig Toxin Vertebrata Mammalia Enterotoxin Artiodactyla Veterinary
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Summary:	Trapecar M, Leouffre T, Faure M, Jensen HE, Granum PE, Cencic A, Hardy SP. The use of a porcine intestinal cell model system for evaluating the food safety risk of Bacillus cereus probiotics and the implications for assessing enterotoxigenicity. APMIS 2011; 119: 877–84. The use of porcine intestinal cell lines in assessing toxicity of Bacillus cereus probiotics in conjunction with animal challenge trials with toxigenic B. cereus was investigated. Toxigenic and toxin deletion mutants of B. cereus and two probiotic strains (Paciflor and Toyocerin) were examined for bacterial attachment, cytotoxicity and ability to induce nitric oxide as markers of toxicity. Both cytotoxicity and production of nitric oxide were detected in wild‐type toxigenic strains and the Paciflor probiotic strain but not Toyocerin. Attachment of B. cereus was low (less than 1%) in all strains. Discrimination between toxigenic B. cereus and the probiotic strains was possible semi‐quantitatively via dilution. Despite cytotoxicity in vitro, challenge experiments using 108–109 spores of the toxigenic B. cereus NVH75/95 in weaned piglets did not induce diarrhoea or intestinal lesions. Thus, the pig small intestinal epithelial intestinal cell line PSI is appropriate for identification of potential toxicity in B. cereus strains and sets a low threshold for risk of enterotoxicity to humans.
Bibliography:	istex:EF409E5F80EED988A104CD680977302A3D2EA21A ArticleID:APM2797 ark:/67375/WNG-D9MC32D9-J ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0903-4641 1600-0463
DOI:	10.1111/j.1600-0463.2011.02797.x