Phylogeographic and demographic modeling analyses of the multiple origins of the rheophytic goldenrod Solidago yokusaiana Makino

Understanding adaptation mechanisms is important in evolutionary biology. Parallel adaptation provides good opportunities to investigate adaptive evolution. To confirm parallel adaptation, it is effective to examine whether the phenotypic similarity has one or multiple origins and to use demographic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Heredity Vol. 126; no. 5; pp. 831 - 845
Main Authors:	Kyan, Ryuuta, Kimura, Takuma, Yamashiro, Tadashi, Fujii, Shinji, Sakaguchi, Shota, Ito, Motomi, Nagano, Atsushi J, Kudoh, Hiroshi, Maki, Masayuki
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Springer Nature B.V 01-05-2021 Springer International Publishing
Subjects:	Adaptation Archipelagoes Chloroplast DNA Chloroplasts Demographics Demography Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA sequencing DNA, Chloroplast - genetics Ecotypes Evolution & development Flooding Gene flow Genotypes Haplotypes Microsatellite Repeats Modelling Nucleotide sequence Nucleotides Origins Phylogeography Population genetics Single-nucleotide polymorphism Solidago Solidago - genetics
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Summary:	Understanding adaptation mechanisms is important in evolutionary biology. Parallel adaptation provides good opportunities to investigate adaptive evolution. To confirm parallel adaptation, it is effective to examine whether the phenotypic similarity has one or multiple origins and to use demographic modeling to consider the gene flow between ecotypes. Solidago yokusaiana is a rheophyte endemic to the Japanese Archipelago that diverged from Solidago virgaurea. This study examined the parallel origins of S. yokusaiana by distinguishing between multiple and single origins and subsequent gene flow. The haplotypes of noncoding chloroplast DNA and genotypes at 14 nuclear simple sequence repeat (nSSR) loci and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) revealed by double-digest restriction-associated DNA sequencing (ddRADseq) were used for phylogeographic analysis; the SNPs were also used to model population demographics. Some chloroplast haplotypes were common to S. yokusaiana and its ancestor S. virgaurea. Also, the population genetic structures revealed by nSSR and SNPs did not correspond to the taxonomic species. The demographic modeling supported the multiple origins of S. yokusaiana in at least four districts and rejected a single origin with ongoing gene flow between the two species, implying that S. yokusaiana independently and repeatedly adapted to frequently flooding riversides.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0018-067X 1365-2540
DOI:	10.1038/s41437-021-00408-x