A Review of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Powertrain Technologies: Diesel Engine Vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

A Review of Heavy-Duty Vehicle Powertrain Technologies: Diesel Engine Vehicles, Battery Electric Vehicles, and Hydrogen Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles

Greenhouse gas emissions from the freight transportation sector are a significant contributor to climate change, pollution, and negative health impacts because of the common use of heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDVs). Governments around the world are working to transition away from diesel HDVs and to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Clean technologies Vol. 3; no. 2; pp. 474 - 489
Main Authors: Cunanan, Carlo, Tran, Manh-Kien, Lee, Youngwoo, Kwok, Shinghei, Leung, Vincent, Fowler, Michael
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-06-2021
Subjects:
Alternative fuels
battery electric trucks
Biodiesel fuels
Carbon dioxide
Climate change
Compressed natural gas
Consumption
Cost control
Diesel
diesel engine trucks
Diesel engines
Diesel fuels
Efficiency
Electric vehicles
Electricity
Emissions control
Energy
Engines
Fossil fuels
Freight transportation
fuel cell electric trucks
Fuel cell vehicles
Fuel cells
Fuel technology
Greenhouse gases
heavy-duty vehicles
Hydrogen
Hydrogen fuels
Infrastructure
Internal combustion engines
Low emission vehicles
Performance measurement
Powertrain
Transportation industry
Trucks
zero-emission vehicles
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Summary:Greenhouse gas emissions from the freight transportation sector are a significant contributor to climate change, pollution, and negative health impacts because of the common use of heavy-duty diesel vehicles (HDVs). Governments around the world are working to transition away from diesel HDVs and to electric HDVs, to reduce emissions. Battery electric HDVs and hydrogen fuel cell HDVs are two available alternatives to diesel engines. Each diesel engine HDV, battery-electric HDV, and hydrogen fuel cell HDV powertrain has its own advantages and disadvantages. This work provides a comprehensive review to examine the working mechanism, performance metrics, and recent developments of the aforementioned HDV powertrain technologies. A detailed comparison between the three powertrain technologies, highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of each, is also presented, along with future perspectives of the HDV sector. Overall, diesel engine in HDVs will remain an important technology in the short-term future due to the existing infrastructure and lower costs, despite their high emissions, while battery-electric HDV technology and hydrogen fuel cell HDV technology will be slowly developed to eliminate their barriers, including costs, infrastructure, and performance limitations, to penetrate the HDV market.
ISSN:2571-8797
2571-8797
DOI:10.3390/cleantechnol3020028