Effect of muscle fatigue of the thoracic erector spinae on neuromuscular control when performing the upper extremity functional tasks in people with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) disrupts spinal alignment and increases the intrinsic demand for active stabilization to maintain postural stability. Understanding the paraspinal muscle fatigability and its effects on spinal alignment and kinematics informs the importance of paraspinal muscle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	PloS one Vol. 18; no. 1; p. e0281001
Main Authors:	Chan, Ray Y H, Ma, Aiden C F, Cheung, Tammy S K, Chan, Jenny C L, Kwok, Ruby W Y, Fu, Allan C L, Tsang, Sharon M H
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Public Library of Science 27-01-2023 Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Subjects:	Adolescent Adolescents Alignment Asymmetry Back pain Backache Biology and Life Sciences Care and treatment Causes of Comparative analysis Diagnosis Electromyography Endurance Endurance capacity Fatigue Humans Kinematics Kyphosis Medical research Medicine and Health Sciences Medicine, Experimental Methods Mobility Muscle contraction Muscle Fatigue - physiology Muscle, Skeletal Muscles Muscular fatigue Muscular function Neuromuscular system Optimization Paraspinal Muscles Physical Sciences Physical training Posture Prevention Rehabilitation Research and Analysis Methods Risk factors Scoliosis Shoulder Stability Teenagers Thorax Upper Extremity Australia Hong Kong China United States > US China
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Summary:	Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) disrupts spinal alignment and increases the intrinsic demand for active stabilization to maintain postural stability. Understanding the paraspinal muscle fatigability and its effects on spinal alignment and kinematics informs the importance of paraspinal muscle endurance for postural stability. This study aims to investigate the effects of fatigue of thoracic erector spinae on the spinal muscle activity and spinal kinematics in individuals with scoliosis. Spinal muscle activity, posture and mobility measured by electromyography and surface tomography were compared between 15 participants with scoliosis and 15 age- and gender-matched healthy controls during unilateral shoulder flexion and abduction with and without holding a 2-kg weight and performed before and after a fatigue task (prone isometric chest raise). No between-groups difference was found for the spinal extensor endurance. Erector spinae activity at the convex side of AIS group was significantly higher than that at their concave side and than that of healthy controls during shoulder elevations, regardless of the fatigue status. Significant decreases in translational and rotational mobility were found at convex side of AIS group during weighted abduction tasks after fatigue. In contrast, a significant increase in rotational mobility was demonstrated at convex side of AIS participants during weighted flexion tasks after fatigue. Our results revealed a comparable level of spinal extensor endurance between individuals with or without AIS. The increase in muscle activation post-fatigue provides no additional active postural stability but may increase the risk of back pain over the convex side in individuals with scoliosis. Findings highlight imbalances in muscles and the potential implications in optimising neuromuscular activation and endurance capacity in the rehabilitation for AIS patients. Future research is needed to investigate if endurance training of the convex-sided back extensors could optimize the impaired neuromuscular control in the AIS patients.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ACLF and SMHT also contributed equally to this work. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
ISSN:	1932-6203 1932-6203
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0281001