Prevalence and risk factors of diabetes in a community-based study in North India: The Chandigarh Urban Diabetes Study (CUDS)

Abstract Aims As there have been few studies in North India of the prevalence of diabetes within the past decade, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetes in the North Indian city of Chandigarh. Methods This cross-sectional survey of 2227 subjects (response...

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Published in:	Diabetes & metabolism Vol. 37; no. 3; pp. 216 - 221
Main Authors:	Ravikumar, P, Bhansali, A, Ravikiran, M, Bhansali, S, Walia, R, Shanmugasundar, G, Thakur, J.S, Kumar Bhadada, S, Dutta, P
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Paris Elsevier Masson SAS 01-06-2011 Masson
Subjects:	Adult Age Factors Biological and medical sciences Cross-Sectional Studies Diabetes Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology Diabetes. Impaired glucose tolerance Diabète Endocrine pancreas. Apud cells (diseases) Endocrinology & Metabolism Endocrinopathies Epidemiology Epidémiologie Etiopathogenesis. Screening. Investigations. Target tissue resistance Fasting plasma glucose Female Glucose Tolerance Test Glycémie à jeun Humans Hyperglycémie provoquée orale Inde du Nord India India - epidemiology Internal Medicine Logistic Models Male Medical sciences Middle Aged Multivariate Analysis Obesity, Abdominal - epidemiology Oral glucose tolerance test Population urbaine Prediabetes Prediabetic State - epidemiology Prevalence Prédiabète Prévalence Risk Factors Urban population Asia India Prévalence Oral glucose tolerance test Prevalence Population urbaine Urban population Diabète Inde du Nord Prediabetes Epidemiology Prédiabète Hyperglycémie provoquée orale India Fasting plasma glucose Diabetes Epidémiologie Glycémie à jeun Endocrinopathy Diabetes mellitus Risk factor Glucose tolerance test Glycemia
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Summary:	Abstract Aims As there have been few studies in North India of the prevalence of diabetes within the past decade, this study aimed to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetes in the North Indian city of Chandigarh. Methods This cross-sectional survey of 2227 subjects (response rate: 94%), aged ≥ 20 years and representative of the urban Chandigarh population, was conducted from April 2008 to June 2009. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG) following ingestion of 75 g of an anhydrous glucose equivalent were estimated by glucometer in all subjects except those with known diabetes, in whom only FPG was measured. Diagnosis of diabetes was based on 1999 WHO criteria. The collected prevalence data was age-standardized for the Chandigarh population, and multivariate logistic-regression analysis was used to correlate risk factors with the presence of diabetes. Results A total of 349 subjects (15.7%, 95% CI: 13.9–16.9) were diabetic, comprising 210 (9.4%) with known diabetes and 139 (6.2%) with newly diagnosed diabetes, and 344 (15.4%, 95% CI: 14.3–17.1) subjects were prediabetic. The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes were 11.1% (95% CI: 9.7–12.4) and 13.2% (95% CI: 11.8–14.6), respectively. Age ≥ 50 years, a family history of diabetes, BMI ≥ 23 kg/m2 , abdominal obesity and hypertension were significantly and positively associated with the presence of diabetes, whereas educational status was negatively associated with diabetes ( P < 0.001 for all). Conclusion The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes were 11.1% and 13.2%, respectively. Older age, family history of diabetes, obesity and hypertension were positively related, while educational status was negatively related, to the presence of diabetes.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1262-3636 1878-1780
DOI:	10.1016/j.diabet.2010.10.004