Amelioration of immune and digestive system through weed supplemented feed against Aeromonas hydrophila in Clarias gariepinus

Aquaculture is one of the important globally growing industries. It serves as an important food source of protein for human beings. With the expanding demand for the fish and their products it has become extremely important to improve the aquaculture practices. Aquaculture in India has witnessed hug...

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Published in:	Fish & shellfish immunology Vol. 115; pp. 124 - 133
Main Authors:	Verma, Vipin Kumar, Kumar, Kh Bronson, Sagar, Komal, Majumdar, Soham, Pal, Shivani, Mehta, Arpita, Vats, Ajn, Rani, Kumari Vandana, Sehgal, Neeta, Prakash, Om
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier Ltd 01-08-2021
Subjects:	Aeromonas hydrophila Azolla pinnata Ceratophyllum demersum Clarias gariepinus Immunostimulatory role Improved digestibility Supplemented feed Supplemented feed Ceratophyllum demersum Improved digestibility Aeromonas hydrophila Clarias gariepinus Azolla pinnata Immunostimulatory role
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Summary:	Aquaculture is one of the important globally growing industries. It serves as an important food source of protein for human beings. With the expanding demand for the fish and their products it has become extremely important to improve the aquaculture practices. Aquaculture in India has witnessed huge mortalities caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes etc. Aquatic weeds plants are harmful for aquaculture in many ways. Present study is aimed to overcome the disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila (fish pathogenic bacteria) through feed supplementation of two aquatic weed plants (Azolla pinnata and Ceratophyllum demersum). The fish were divided into 6 groups: experimental groups (fish fed on supplementary feed at 5% and 2.5% concentration for individual plant and challenged with bacteria), positive control (fish fed on non-supplemented feed and challenged with bacteria) and negative control (fish fed on non-supplementary feed and not challenged with bacteria). It was observed that supplemented feed enhanced both cell mediated and humoral immunity in fish. Therefore, we advocate that feed formulated with incorporation of Azolla pinnata and Ceratophyllum demersum leaf powder at 5% and 2.5% could be used to prevent disease caused by A. hydrophila or can be used to enhance fish health by boosting its immune system. The results of this study also showed an improved digestibility in fish fed on supplemented feed. [Display omitted] •Use of Azolla pinnata and Ceratophyllum demersum in feed can reduce costs.•Improved health response to challenges with Aeromonas hydrophila.•Enhancement of both adaptive & cell mediated immunity.•Improved digestibility in fish fed on supplemented feed.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1050-4648 1095-9947
DOI:	10.1016/j.fsi.2021.05.016