THYROID SCREENING AND RELIABILITY OF RADIATION THYROID DOSES FOR THE BELARUSIAN IN UTERO COHORT

THYROID SCREENING AND RELIABILITY OF RADIATION THYROID DOSES FOR THE BELARUSIAN IN UTERO COHORT

To describe the status and results of thyroid disease screening and assessment of reliability of radiationthyroid doses in the Belarusian in utero cohort of 2,965 individuals exposed to Chernobyl (Chornobyl) fallout. Thyroid screening examinations are currently underway including thyroid palpation b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii Vol. 26; p. 188
Main Authors: Drozdovitch, V, Yauseyenka, V V, Minenko, V F, Veyalkin, I V, Kukhta, T S, Grakovitch, R I, Trofimik, S, Polyanskaya, O N, Starastsenka, L, Cahoon, E K, Hatch, M, Little, M P, Brenner, A V, Ostroumova, E, Mabuchi, K, Rozhko, A V
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Ukraine 01-12-2021
Subjects:
Adult
Chernobyl Nuclear Accident
Cohort Studies
Female
Fetus - radiation effects
Humans
Infant, Newborn
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Maternal Exposure - statistics & numerical data
Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced - epidemiology
Pregnancy
Pregnant Women
Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Radiation Dosage
Radioactive Fallout - adverse effects
Reproducibility of Results
Republic of Belarus
Thyroid Gland - physiopathology
Thyroid Gland - radiation effects
Thyroid Nodule - epidemiology
Thyroid Nodule - etiology
Thyroid Nodule - physiopathology
Ukraine
Republic of Belarus
Ukraine
Chernobyl
in utero
exposure
early life
reliability
thyroid cancer
Chornobyl
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Summary:To describe the status and results of thyroid disease screening and assessment of reliability of radiationthyroid doses in the Belarusian in utero cohort of 2,965 individuals exposed to Chernobyl (Chornobyl) fallout. Thyroid screening examinations are currently underway including thyroid palpation by anendocrinologist, ultrasonographic examination by an ultrasonographer and analysis of blood samples for diagnosisof hypo- and hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thyroiditis, thyroid function tests (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH],thyroxine [T4], thyroid peroxidase antibody [anti-TPO], and thyroglobulin antibodies [anti-TG]). Reliability of (i)information from 780 pairs of questionnaires obtained during the first and second interviews of the mothers and (ii)thyroid doses, which were calculated for the cohort members using this information, is evaluated. As of 15 August 2021, 1,267 in utero exposed study subjects had been screened. A single thyroid nodule wasdiagnosed in 167 persons (13.2 % of the total) and multiple thyroid nodules in 101 persons (8.0 %): 189 (14.9 %)persons had nodules detected for the first time at the screening while 79 (6.2 %) persons had nodules detected pre-viously (pre-screening nodules). Fifty-nine out of 268 subjects (22.0 %) with a suspicious thyroid nodule werereferred to fine needle aspiration biopsy, and among them 33 (55.9 %) were biopsied. Reasonable agreement wasobserved for modelqbased doses calculated for the Belarusian in utero cohort members using data from the two inter-views (Spearman's rank-correlation coefficient rs = 0.74, p < 0.001), while measurementqbased doses yielded almost per-fect agreement (rs = 0.99, p < 0.001). During the thyroid screening, at least one thyroid nodule was identified in 268 of 1,267 (21.2 %) inutero exposed cohort members. Seven thyroid cancer cases were identified in the cohort, including 5 pre-screeningcases and 2 cases detected during the screening. Ongoing research on this unique cohort will provide importantinformation on adverse health effects following prenatal and postnatal exposure to radioiodine and radiocesium iso-topes, for which available epidemiological data are scant.
ISSN:2313-4607
DOI:10.33145/2304-8336-2021-26-188-198