The timing of the ca-660 BCE Miyake solar-proton event constrained to between 664 and 663 BCE

The timing of the ca-660 BCE Miyake solar-proton event constrained to between 664 and 663 BCE

Extreme solar energetic particle events, known as Miyake events, are rare phenomena observed by cosmogenic isotopes, with only six documented. The timing of the ca. 660 BCE Miyake event remains undefined until now. Here, we assign its occurrence to 664-663 BCE through new radiocarbon measurements in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Communications earth & environment Vol. 5; no. 1; pp. 454 - 9
Main Authors: Panyushkina, Irina P, Jull, A J Timothy, Molnár, Mihaly, Varga, Tamás, Kontul', Ivan, Hantemirov, Rashit, Kukarskih, Vladymir, Sljusarenko, Igor, Myglan, Vladymir, Livina, Valerie
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Nature Publishing Group 01-01-2024
Nature Publishing Group UK
Nature Portfolio
Subjects:
Bayesian analysis
Carbon 14
Carbon cycle
Carbon dioxide
Cosmic radiation
Cosmic rays
Dendrochronology
Energetic particles
Gas exchange
Isotopes
Protons
Radiocarbon dating
Radiometric dating
Stratosphere
Tree rings
Carbon cycle
Atmospheric chemistry
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Summary:Extreme solar energetic particle events, known as Miyake events, are rare phenomena observed by cosmogenic isotopes, with only six documented. The timing of the ca. 660 BCE Miyake event remains undefined until now. Here, we assign its occurrence to 664-663 BCE through new radiocarbon measurements in gymnosperm larch tree rings from arctic-alpine biomes (Yamal and Altai). Using a 22-box carbon cycle model and Bayesian statistics, we calculate the radiocarbon production rate during the event that is 3.2-4.8 times higher than the average solar modulation, and comparable to the 774-775 CE solar-proton event. The prolonged radiocarbon signature manifests a 12‰ rise over two years. The non-uniform signal in the tree rings is likely driven by the low rate of CO gas exchange between the trees and the ambient atmosphere, and the high residence time of radiocarbon in the post-event stratosphere. We caution about using the event's pronounced signature for precise single-year-dating.
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ISSN:2662-4435
2662-4435
DOI:10.1038/s43247-024-01618-x