Bacterial and viral abundance in Ross Sea summer pack ice communities

Bacterial and viral abundance in Ross Sea summer pack ice communities

Abundance of single, non-attached bacteria and viruses <110 nm (likely to have infected bacteria) were determined for surface, interior and bottom ice microhabitats between 66 and 75° S in the Ross Sea during the austral summer of 1999. Emphasis was on sites of ice algal blooms, and bacterial abu...

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Published in:Marine ecology. Progress series (Halstenbek) Vol. 279; pp. 3 - 12
Main Authors: Gowing, Marcia M., Garrison, David L., Gibson, Angela H., Krupp, Jonathan M., Jeffries, Martin O., Fritsen, Christian H.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Oldendorf Inter-Research 28-09-2004
Subjects:
Algal blooms
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Aquatic communities
Bacteria
Biological and medical sciences
Diatoms
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Habitats
Ice
Marine
Phaeocystis
Sea ice
Sea water ecosystems
Seas
Slush
Synecology
Viruses
Ross Sea
Southern Ocean
PS, Ross Sea
Marine environment
Algal blooms
Algae
Bloom
Bacteria
Ross Sea
Viruses
Population dynamics
Pack ice
Community
Population density
Thallophyta
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Summary:Abundance of single, non-attached bacteria and viruses <110 nm (likely to have infected bacteria) were determined for surface, interior and bottom ice microhabitats between 66 and 75° S in the Ross Sea during the austral summer of 1999. Emphasis was on sites of ice algal blooms, and bacterial abundance was examined with respect to physical characteristics, chlorophylla, phaeophytin and, in particular, microbial communities. Bacterial abundance ranged from 1.5 × 10⁵ to 6.7 × 10⁶ ml–1melted sample and viral abundance from 6.3 × 10⁶ to 1.19 × 10⁸ ml–1melted sample over all the microhabitats. Neither bacterial nor viral abundance differed among microhabitats, and bacterial abundance was not related to physical characteristics of the habitats. Although bacterial abundance was positively correlated with chlorophyllaand phaeophytin concentrations, only chlorophyllawas significant in explaining a small (28%) degree of the variability in bacterial abundance. Abundance of diatoms, heterotrophic dinoflagellates and other flagellates, however, explained 85% of the variability in bacterial abundance; these groups were positively correlated with bacterial abundance. Neither viral lysis nor grazing by bacteriovores appeared to be strong controls of bacterial abundance. Community analysis showed that samples were >90% similar with respect to abundance of bacteria, viruses, and microeukaryote groups. Distinct clusters could be attributed to different algal bloom stages, with relationships toPhaeocystisspp. blooms being particularly apparent, indicating the strength of algal blooms as processes structuring microbial communities. Microbial communities in Ross Sea summer ice microhabitats could furthermore be viewed within the same general successional sequence characteristic of algal blooms in polar and temperate marine waters.
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ISSN:0171-8630
1616-1599
DOI:10.3354/meps279003