Ecological Characterisation of the Colonic Microbiota in Arctic and Sub-Arctic Seals

Dominant colonic bacteria in wild hooded (n = 9), harbour (n = 1) and grey (n = 1) seals were identified using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries (313 clones), revealing 52.7% Bacteroidetes, 41.5% Firmicutes, 4.5% Proteobacteria and 1.0% Fusobacteria. Thirty (77%) of the 39 phylotypes identified were nov...

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Published in:	Microbial ecology Vol. 60; no. 2; pp. 320 - 330
Main Authors:	Glad, Trine, Kristiansen, Vibeke Fam, Nielsen, Kaare M, Brusetti, Lorenzo, Wright, André-Denis G, Sundset, Monica A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York New York : Springer-Verlag 01-08-2010 Springer Science + Business Media, Inc Springer-Verlag Springer Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Animals Archaea Archaea - classification Archaea - genetics Archaea - isolation & purification Bacteria Bacteria - classification Bacteria - genetics Bacteria - isolation & purification Bacteroidetes Biological and medical sciences Biological taxonomies Biomedical and Life Sciences Colon - microbiology Cystophora cristata Ecology ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY Firmicutes Fish culture Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Library Geoecology/Natural Processes Halichoerus grypus Libraries Life Sciences Marine Metagenome Microbial Ecology Microbial Viability Microbiology Microbiota Nature Conservation Phoca vitulina Phylogeny Polymerase chain reaction Proteobacteria RNA, Bacterial - genetics RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA genes Seals Seals, Earless - microbiology Sequence Analysis, DNA Water Quality/Water Pollution Arctic Region ANE, Norway, Troms Greenland Sea PSE PSW PN, Arctic PNE PNW ANE, Greenland Sea Greenland Harbour Seal Methanogenic Archaea Polar Bear Grey Seal Methane Emission Microflora Ecology Polar region Climatic zone
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Summary:	Dominant colonic bacteria in wild hooded (n = 9), harbour (n = 1) and grey (n = 1) seals were identified using 16S rRNA gene clone libraries (313 clones), revealing 52.7% Bacteroidetes, 41.5% Firmicutes, 4.5% Proteobacteria and 1.0% Fusobacteria. Thirty (77%) of the 39 phylotypes identified were novel, showing <97% sequence similarity to their nearest cultivated relatives. Mean colonic bacterial cell density, determined by real-time PCR, was high (12.8 log₁₀ cells/g wet wt) for the hooded seals, while the number of methanogenic Archea was low (4.0 log₁₀ cells/g wet wt). The level of ampicillin (ampr) and tetracycline-resistant (tetr) isolates was investigated by cultivation. Aerobic ampr isolates were only detected in colon contents from four hooded seals, whereas aerobic tetr isolates were found in seven of the nine hooded seals. These data provide novel insight to the gut microbiota of Arctic and sub-Arctic seals living in the wild.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00248-010-9690-x ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0095-3628 1432-184X
DOI:	10.1007/s00248-010-9690-x