Retrospective study of severe cases of leptospirosis admitted in the intensive care unit

Retrospective study of severe cases of leptospirosis admitted in the intensive care unit

Evaluate patient demographics, risk factors, complications, seropositivity, treatment and outcome among leptospirosis patients. Retrospective analysis of 104 patients admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) with a clinical suspicion of leptopirosis. Ten-bedded medical ICU in a medical school situa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of postgraduate medicine (Bombay) Vol. 53; no. 4; pp. 232 - 235
Main Authors: Ittyachen, A M, Krishnapillai, T V, Nair, M C, Rajan, A R
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01-10-2007
Medknow Publications & Media Pvt. Ltd
Subjects:
Adult
Analysis
Care and treatment
Cohort Studies
Critical Care
Critically ill
Diagnosis
Female
Health aspects
Humans
Intensive care
Leptospirosis
Leptospirosis - diagnosis
Leptospirosis - etiology
Leptospirosis - therapy
Male
Medical diagnosis
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
Seasons
Treatment Outcome
India
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Summary:Evaluate patient demographics, risk factors, complications, seropositivity, treatment and outcome among leptospirosis patients. Retrospective analysis of 104 patients admitted in the intensive care unit (ICU) with a clinical suspicion of leptopirosis. Ten-bedded medical ICU in a medical school situated in a rural area endemic for leptospirosis. Seropositivity for leptospirosis, patient demographics, risk factors, complications, treatment and survival. One hundred and four patients were admitted with a clinical suspicion of leptospirosis. Fifty-three (50.7%) were serologically confirmed cases. Males dominated both groups. Most of the admissions were in the monsoon season. Exposure to moist soil was the main risk factor. The mortality in the seronegative group was 26.8% while it was only 3.8% in the seropositive group. Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome, primarily acute respiratory distress syndrome with thromboctyopenia and renal failure were the causes for mortality. All the patients who died presented late into the illness. The initial diagnosis of leptospirosis depends on a high index of clinical suspicion, routinely available diagnostic tests being unreliable in the initial period. A reliable, unsophisticated test should be developed for early detection of this disease. As leptospirosis in its early stage mimics other tropical infections, both medical professionals and the general public (especially with risk of occupational exposure) should be educated about the disease and the need to seek early medical intervention.
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ISSN:0022-3859
0972-2823
DOI:10.4103/0022-3859.37510