Exploration of Waste Rice Husk-Based Nano-Silica to Fortify Algal Biomass Harvesting with Charge Neutralization Mechanism

Feasibility of rice husk derived nano-silicates (RHDNS) for harvesting of Chlorella pyrenoidosa grown in pharmaceutical wastewater was investigated. Flocculation efficiency of RHDNS to flocculate algal cells was then compared with that of inorganic flocculant(alum). RHDNS proved to be highly efficie...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Waste and biomass valorization Vol. 15; no. 7; pp. 4103 - 4116
Main Authors:	Goria, Kajol, Kothari, Richa, Singh, Har Mohan, Kour, Harjot, Ranjan, Piyush, Pathania, Deepak
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 2024 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Agricultural land Agricultural wastes Algae Algae harvesting Atmospheric aerosols Biodegradation Biomass Cereal crops Chlorella Chlorella pyrenoidosa Circular economy Crop residues Crops Efficiency Engineering Environment Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Farming Flocculants Flocculation Grain Industrial Pollution Prevention Medical wastes Neutralization Organic wastes Original Paper pH effects Pharmaceutical industry wastes Renewable and Green Energy Residues Rice Silica Silicates Silicon dioxide Waste Management/Waste Technology Zeta potential Bio-flocculant Algal Biomass Harvest Silica Nanoparticles Pharmaceutical Wastewater Rice husk Waste
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Summary:	Feasibility of rice husk derived nano-silicates (RHDNS) for harvesting of Chlorella pyrenoidosa grown in pharmaceutical wastewater was investigated. Flocculation efficiency of RHDNS to flocculate algal cells was then compared with that of inorganic flocculant(alum). RHDNS proved to be highly efficient for flocculating Chlorella pyrenoidosa grown in varying concentrations of influent and effluent from industry. At neutral pH, RHDNS (500 mg/L) found sufficient to attain flocculation efficiency ~ 95.5%. However, integration of alum with RHDNS reduces dose requirement of both alum and RHDNS. At neutral pH, alum(30 mg/L)-RHDNS (100 mg/L) composite showed 98.6% and at pH 9, 99.6% efficiency in comparatively less time span. Employing FTIR and Zeta potential analysis, structural association between algal cells and flocculant molecules has been observed through charge neutralization flocculation mechanism. Utilization of RHDNS apparently validates sustainable solution to obstruction issue in biodegradation of rice crop residue due to presence of silica. This study evidently promotes zero waste circular economy. Graphical Abstract Novelty Statement Rice crop waste has been processed to convert into bio-flocculant i.e., Rice husk derived nano-silicate (RHDNS) for harvesting of algal biomass. To best of our knowledge, no study has been conducted till date by utilizing rice crop waste as flocculant for algal biomass harvesting and thus the approach is considered as novel. Rice crop waste which is a serious contributor for atmospheric aerosols as secondary pollutant due to massive burning in agricultural farmland in particular season after food grain harvest. Comparatively, RHDNS was found cost-effective and successful in providing the algal biomass flocculation in respect of others. Also, this application apparently validates sustainable solution to the problematic biodegradation of rice crop residue due to presence of silica. Zeta potential analysis, structural association between algal cells and flocculant molecules has been observed through charge neutralization flocculation mechanism supports the proposed mechanism with experimental findings.
ISSN:	1877-2641 1877-265X
DOI:	10.1007/s12649-024-02417-3