Coral mucus-associated bacterial communities from natural and aquarium environments

The microbial biota dwelling in the mucus, on the surface, and in the tissues of many coral species may have an important role in holobiont physiology and health. This microbiota differs with coral species, water depth, and geographic location. Here we compare the surface mucus microbiota of the cor...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	FEMS microbiology letters Vol. 276; no. 1; pp. 106 - 113
Main Authors:	Kooperman, Netta, Ben-Dov, Eitan, Kramarsky-Winter, Esti, Barak, Zeev, Kushmaro, Ariel
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-11-2007 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Oxford University Press
Subjects:	Animals Anthozoa - microbiology Aquariums Bacteria Bacteria - classification Bacteria - genetics Bacteria - isolation & purification Bacteriology Biodiversity Biological and medical sciences Biota Communities coral Corals DNA, Bacterial - chemistry DNA, Bacterial - genetics DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry DNA, Ribosomal - genetics Environmental changes Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fungia granulosa General aspects Geographical locations Microbial activity Microbiology Microbiota Microorganisms Molecular Sequence Data Mucus mucus microbiota Natural environment Phylogeny Red Sea RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid Water depth Red Sea Red Sea coral mucus microbiota Microflora Fungia granulosa Infection Marine environment Polymerase chain reaction Coelenterata Cnidaria Bacteriosis Bacteria Environment Invertebrata Molecular cloning Microbial community
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Summary:	The microbial biota dwelling in the mucus, on the surface, and in the tissues of many coral species may have an important role in holobiont physiology and health. This microbiota differs with coral species, water depth, and geographic location. Here we compare the surface mucus microbiota of the coral Fungia granulosa from the natural environment with that from individuals maintained in aquaria. Molecular analysis revealed that the microbial community of the mucus microlayer of the coral F. granulosa includes a wide range of bacteria and that these change with environment. Coral mucus from the natural environment contained a significantly higher diversity of microorganisms than did mucus from corals maintained in the closed-system aquaria. A microbial community shift, with the loss of several groups, including actinobacterial and cyanobacterial groups, was observed in corals maintained in aquaria. The most abundant bacterial class in F. granulosa mucus was the Alphaproteobacteria, regardless of whether the corals were from aquaria or freshly collected from their natural environment. A significantly higher percentage of bacteria from the Betaproteobacteria class was evident in aquarium corals (24%) when compared with corals from the natural environment (3%). The differences in mucus-inhabiting microbial communities between corals from captive and natural environments suggest an adaptation of the mucus bacterial communities to the different conditions.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00921.x Editor: Herman Bothe ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0378-1097 1574-6968
DOI:	10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.00921.x