QuEChERS-Based Methodology for the Screening of Alkylphenols and Bisphenol A in Dairy Products Using LC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS

QuEChERS-Based Methodology for the Screening of Alkylphenols and Bisphenol A in Dairy Products Using LC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS

A simple methodology was developed for the determination of four Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) in dairy products. The EDCs included alkylphenols (4-tert-octylphenol, technical nonylphenol isomers, 4-nonylphenol) and bisphenol-A. The methodology consisted of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences Vol. 11; no. 20; p. 9358
Main Authors: Boti, Vasiliki, Kobothekra, Vasiliki, Albanis, Triantafyllos, Konstantinou, Ioannis
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-10-2021
Subjects:
Alkylphenols
Aluminum
Baby foods
Bisphenol A
Chromatography
Commodities
Dairy products
Design of experiments
Design parameters
Endocrine disruptors
Estrogens
Experimental design
Food
Investigations
Isomers
LC-LTQ/Orbitrap MS
Liquid chromatography
Methodology
Milk
nonylphenol
octylphenol
Optimization
Packaging
QuEChERS
Selectivity
Sodium
United States > US
Ireland
Germany
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Summary:A simple methodology was developed for the determination of four Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) in dairy products. The EDCs included alkylphenols (4-tert-octylphenol, technical nonylphenol isomers, 4-nonylphenol) and bisphenol-A. The methodology consisted of a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe (QuEChERS) extraction followed by liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to the hybrid LTQ/Orbitrap mass spectrometer (MS). The high resolution (HR) analysis provided the required selectivity demonstrating excellent sensitivity and enabled the high-mass accuracy of the analytes within short time of analysis, after a chemometric optimization of the instrument parameters. An experimental design was employed for the estimation of the effect of different parameters on the QuEChERS extraction efficiency to obtain the optimum conditions. Method validation proved that analysis exhibited excellent linearity (R2 > 0.9966), low enough precision (0.6 to 13.3%) and recoveries in the range of 91 to 108%. Limits of detection (LOD < 6.5 ng g−1) and quantification (LOQ < 20 ng g−1) as well as matrix effects (ME) were also evaluated. The optimized method was successfully applied to analyze dairy commodities varying in fat content and packaging material including milk, yogurts and infant formulae. Detected concentration levels (MDL-10.4 ng g−1) for bisphenol-A BPA in milk samples resulted in 0.36% of TDI for the medium case (average BPA concentrations) and 1.15% of TDI for the worst case (maximum BPA concentration).
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app11209358