Simultaneous detection of Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, Giardia duodenalis and cryptosporidia by immunochromatographic assay in stool samples from patients living in the Greater Cairo Region, Egypt

Gastrointestinal infection due to intestinal parasites is an enormous health problem in developing countries and its reliable diagnosis is demanding. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating a commercially available immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for the detection of cryptosporidia, Giardia duod...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	World journal of microbiology & biotechnology Vol. 31; no. 8; pp. 1251 - 1258
Main Authors:	Banisch, Dagmar M, El-Badry, Ayman, Klinnert, Jorge V, Ignatius, Ralf, El-Dib, Nadia
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-08-2015 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Adult Age Amoeba Antigens Applied Microbiology Assaying Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Biomedical research Biotechnology Blastocystis hominis confidence interval Cryptosporidiosis - diagnosis Cryptosporidiosis - epidemiology Cryptosporidiosis - parasitology Cryptosporidium - chemistry Cryptosporidium - isolation & purification Developing countries Diplomatic & consular services Egypt - epidemiology Entamoeba histolytica Entamoeba histolytica - chemistry Entamoeba histolytica - isolation & purification Entamoebiasis - diagnosis Entamoebiasis - epidemiology Entamoebiasis - parasitology Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology feces Feces - chemistry Feces - parasitology Female Gastrointestinal diseases gastrointestinal system Giardia Giardia duodenalis Giardia lamblia Giardia lamblia - chemistry Giardia lamblia - isolation & purification Giardiasis - diagnosis Giardiasis - epidemiology Giardiasis - parasitology Humans Hymenolepis nana immunoaffinity chromatography Immunochromatography - instrumentation Immunochromatography - methods Iodine Laboratories LDCs Life Sciences Light microscopy Male Microbiology Microscopy Original Paper Parasites Parasitology Pathogens Patients Reagent Kits, Diagnostic Risk Stools Studies Young Adult Egypt Greater Cairo Region Cryptosporidia Microscopy Immunochromatographic assay Egypt
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Summary:	Gastrointestinal infection due to intestinal parasites is an enormous health problem in developing countries and its reliable diagnosis is demanding. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating a commercially available immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for the detection of cryptosporidia, Giardia duodenalis, and Entamoeba histolytica/dispar for its usefulness in the Greater Cairo Region, Egypt. Stool samples of 104 patients who presented between October 2012 and March 2013 with gastrointestinal symptoms or for the exclusion of parasites at Kasr-Al-Ainy University Medical School were examined by light microscopy of wet mounts and the triple ICA. Microscopy revealed in 20 % of the patients [95 % confidence interval (CI), 13.5–29.0 %] parasites with Hymenolepis nana, E. histolytica/dispar and Blastocystis hominis being the most frequent ones, but was not able to detect G. duodenalis and cryptosporidia, whereas ICA was positive in 21 % (95 % CI, 14.3–30.0 %) and detected E. histolytica/dispar in 12.5 % (95 % CI, 7.3–20.4 %), cryptosporidia in 6.7 % (95 % CI, 3.1–13.5 %) and G. duodenalis in 15.4 % (95 % CI, 9.6–23.6 %) of the patients. Detection of one or more pathogens was associated with access to water retrieved from a well or pump (p = 0.01). Patients between 20 and 29 years of age (p = 0.08) and patients with symptoms of 5 days or longer (p = 0.07) tended to have a higher risk to be infected than patients of other age groups or with shorter-lasting symptoms. In conclusion, the ICA was easy to perform and timesaving. Importantly, it enabled the detection of cryptosporidia, which cannot be found microscopically in unstained smears, demonstrated a higher sensitivity for the detection of G. duodenalis than microscopy, and was more specific for distinguishing E. histolytica/dispar from apathogenic amoeba.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11274-015-1875-5 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0959-3993 1573-0972
DOI:	10.1007/s11274-015-1875-5