Adult reserve stem cells and their potential for tissue engineering

Tissue restoration is the process whereby multiple damaged cell types are replaced to restore the histoarchitecture and function to the tissue. Several theories have been proposed to explain the phenomenon of tissue restoration in amphibians and in animals belonging to higher orders. These theories...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Cell biochemistry and biophysics Vol. 40; no. 1; pp. 1 - 80
Main Authors:	Young, Henry E, Duplaa, Cecile, Romero-Ramos, Marina, Chesselet, Marie-Francoise, Vourc'h, Patrick, Yost, Michael J, Ericson, Kurt, Terracio, Louis, Asahara, Takayuki, Masuda, Haruchika, Tamura-Ninomiya, Sayaka, Detmer, Kristina, Bray, Robert A, Steele, Timothy A, Hixson, Douglas, el-Kalay, Mohammad, Tobin, Brian W, Russ, Roy D, Horst, Michael N, Floyd, Julie A, Henson, Nicholas L, Hawkins, Kristina C, Groom, Jaime, Parikh, Amar, Blake, Lisa, Bland, Laura J, Thompson, Angela J, Kirincich, Amy, Moreau, Catherine, Hudson, John, Bowyer, 3rd, Frank P, Lin, T J, Black, Jr, Asa C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Springer Nature B.V 01-01-2004
Subjects:	Amphibians Animals Antigens, Surface - metabolism Apoptosis Bone and Bones - metabolism Cattle Cell Differentiation - physiology Cell Lineage - physiology Cellular Senescence - physiology Cloning Connective Tissue - physiology Diabetes Mellitus - therapy DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism Embryo, Mammalian Embryo, Nonmammalian Extremities - physiology Genetic Therapy Germ Layers - cytology Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Humans Life span Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Muscle, Skeletal - transplantation Myocardial Infarction - therapy Myogenin - metabolism Neurodegenerative Diseases - therapy Octamer Transcription Factor-3 Pluripotent Stem Cells - cytology Pluripotent Stem Cells - transplantation Rats Regeneration - physiology Stem cells Telomerase - metabolism Tissue Engineering Transcription Factors Urodela - growth & development Urodela - physiology
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	Tissue restoration is the process whereby multiple damaged cell types are replaced to restore the histoarchitecture and function to the tissue. Several theories have been proposed to explain the phenomenon of tissue restoration in amphibians and in animals belonging to higher orders. These theories include dedifferentiation of damaged tissues, transdifferentiation of lineage-committed progenitor cells, and activation of reserve precursor cells. Studies by Young et al. and others demonstrated that connective tissue compartments throughout postnatal individuals contain reserve precursor cells. Subsequent repetitive single cell-cloning and cell-sorting studies revealed that these reserve precursor cells consisted of multiple populations of cells, including tissue-specific progenitor cells, germ-layer lineage stem cells, and pluripotent stem cells. Tissue-specific progenitor cells display various capacities for differentiation, ranging from unipotency (forming a single cell type) to multipotency (forming multiple cell types). However, all progenitor cells demonstrate a finite life span of 50 to 70 population doublings before programmed cell senescence and cell death occurs. Germ-layer lineage stem cells can form a wider range of cell types than a progenitor cell. An individual germ-layer lineage stem cell can form all cells types within its respective germ-layer lineage (i.e., ectoderm, mesoderm, or endoderm). Pluripotent stem cells can form a wider range of cell types than a single germ-layer lineage stem cell. A single pluripotent stem cell can form cells belonging to all three germ layer lineages. Both germ-layer lineage stem cells and pluripotent stem cells exhibit extended capabilities for self-renewal, far surpassing the limited life span of progenitor cells (50-70 population doublings). The authors propose that the activation of quiescent tissue-specific progenitor cells, germ-layer lineage stem cells, and/or pluripotent stem cells may be a potential explanation, along with dedifferentiation and transdifferentiation, for the process of tissue restoration. Several model systems are currently being investigated to determine the possibilities of using these adult quiescent reserve precursor cells for tissue engineering.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-2 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	1085-9195 1085-9195 1559-0283
DOI:	10.1385/CBB:40:1:1