Search Results - "Kirchner, W."

Aggregation in environmental systems – Part 1: Seasonal tracer cycles quantify young water fractions, but not mean transit times, in spatially heterogeneous catchments by Kirchner, J W

“…Environmental heterogeneity is ubiquitous, but environmental systems are often analyzed as if they were homogeneous instead, resulting in aggregation errors…”
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Aggregation in environmental systems – Part 2: Catchment mean transit times and young water fractions under hydrologic nonstationarity by Kirchner, J. W.

“…Methods for estimating mean transit times from chemical or isotopic tracers (such as Cl−, δ18O, or δ2H) commonly assume that catchments are stationary…”
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Quantifying new water fractions and transit time distributions using ensemble hydrograph separation: theory and benchmark tests by Kirchner, James W

“…Decades of hydrograph separation studies have estimated the proportions of recent precipitation in streamflow using end-member mixing of chemical or isotopic…”
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Dynamic, discontinuous stream networks: hydrologically driven variations in active drainage density, flowing channels and stream order by Godsey, S. E, Kirchner, J. W

“…Despite decades of research on the ecological consequences of stream network expansion, contraction and fragmentation, surprisingly little is known about the…”
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Characterizing nonlinear, nonstationary, and heterogeneous hydrologic behavior using ensemble rainfall–runoff analysis (ERRA): proof of concept by Kirchner, James W

“…A classical approach to understanding hydrological behavior is the unit hydrograph and its many variants, but these often assume linearity (runoff response is…”
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Mixing Models With Multiple, Overlapping, or Incomplete End‐Members, Quantified Using Time Series of a Single Tracer by Kirchner, James W.

“…Mixing models are used throughout earth and environmental science to quantify the relative contributions of sources to mixtures, based on chemical or isotopic…”
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Topographic Controls on the Extension and Retraction of Flowing Streams by Prancevic, Jeff P., Kirchner, James W.

“…Flowing stream networks extend and retract as their surrounding landscapes wet up and dry out, both seasonally and during rainstorms, with implications for…”
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Universal fractal scaling in stream chemistry and its implications for solute transport and water quality trend detection by Kirchner, James W., Neal, Colin

“…The chemical dynamics of lakes and streams affect their suitability as aquatic habitats and as water supplies for human needs. Because water quality is…”
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Getting the right answers for the right reasons: Linking measurements, analyses, and models to advance the science of hydrology by Kirchner, J.W

“…The science of hydrology is on the threshold of major advances, driven by new hydrologic measurements, new methods for analyzing hydrologic data, and new…”
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Impulse Response Functions for Nonlinear, Nonstationary, and Heterogeneous Systems, Estimated by Deconvolution and Demixing of Noisy Time Series by Kirchner, James W

“…Impulse response functions (IRFs) are useful for characterizing systems' dynamic behavior and gaining insight into their underlying processes, based on sensor…”
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Substantial proportion of global streamflow less than three months old by Jasechko, Scott, Kirchner, James W., Welker, Jeffrey M., McDonnell, Jeffrey J.

“…Streamflow is a mixture of precipitation of various ages. Oxygen isotope data suggests that a third of global river discharge is sourced from rainfall within…”
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Seasonal partitioning of precipitation between streamflow and evapotranspiration, inferred from end-member splitting analysis by Kirchner, James W, Allen, Scott T

“…The terrestrial water cycle partitions precipitation between its two ultimate fates: “green water” that is evaporated or transpired back to the atmosphere, and…”
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Effects of climatic seasonality on the isotopic composition of evaporating soil waters by Benettin, Paolo, Volkmann, Till H. M, von Freyberg, Jana, Frentress, Jay, Penna, Daniele, Dawson, Todd E, Kirchner, James W

“…Stable water isotopes are widely used in ecohydrology to trace the transport, storage, and mixing of water on its journey through landscapes and ecosystems…”
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Groundwater level observations in 250,000 coastal US wells reveal scope of potential seawater intrusion by Jasechko, Scott, Perrone, Debra, Seybold, Hansjörg, Fan, Ying, Kirchner, James W.

“…Seawater intrusion into coastal aquifers can increase groundwater salinity beyond potable levels, endangering access to freshwater for millions of people…”
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Seasonal origins of soil water used by trees by Allen, Scott T, Kirchner, James W, Braun, Sabine, Siegwolf, Rolf T. W, Goldsmith, Gregory R

“…Rain recharges soil water storages and either percolates downward into aquifers and streams or is returned to the atmosphere through evapotranspiration…”
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Concentration-discharge relationships reflect chemostatic characteristics of US catchments by Godsey, Sarah E, Kirchner, James W, Clow, David W

“…Concentration-discharge relationships have been widely used as clues to the hydrochemical processes that control runoff chemistry. Here we examine…”
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Catchments as simple dynamical systems: Catchment characterization, rainfall-runoff modeling, and doing hydrology backward by Kirchner, James W.

“…Water fluxes in catchments are controlled by physical processes and material properties that are complex, heterogeneous, and poorly characterized by direct…”
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Modeling chloride transport using travel time distributions at Plynlimon, Wales by Benettin, Paolo, Kirchner, James W., Rinaldo, Andrea, Botter, Gianluca

“…Here we present a theoretical interpretation of high‐frequency, high‐quality tracer time series from the Hafren catchment at Plynlimon in mid‐Wales. We make…”
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Predicting Spatial Patterns in Precipitation Isotope (δ2H and δ18O) Seasonality Using Sinusoidal Isoscapes by Allen, Scott T., Kirchner, James W., Goldsmith, Gregory R.

“…Understanding how precipitation isotopes vary spatially and temporally is important for tracer applications. We tested how well month‐to‐month variations in…”
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Concentration–discharge relationships vary among hydrological events, reflecting differences in event characteristics by Knapp, Julia L. A, von Freyberg, Jana, Studer, Bjørn, Kiewiet, Leonie, Kirchner, James W

“…Studying the response of streamwater chemistry to changes in discharge can provide valuable insights into how catchments store and release water and solutes…”
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