Mesenchymal Cells Retain the Specificity of Embryonal Origin During Osteogenic Differentiation

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in therapy, but the differences between MSCs of various origins and their ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation and produce extracellular matrix are not fully understood. To address this, we conducted a comparative analysis of mesenchymal cell pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Stem cells (Dayton, Ohio) Vol. 42; no. 1; pp. 76 - 89
Main Authors:	Lobov, Arseniy, Kuchur, Polina, Khizhina, Aigul, Kotova, Anastasia, Ivashkin, Andrei, Kostina, Daria, Klausen, Polina, Khokhlova, Evgeniia, Repkin, Egor, Postnikova, Kseniia, Perepletchikova, Daria, Denisov, Evgeny, Gerashchenko, Tatiana, Tikhilov, Rashid, Bozhkova, Svetlana, Sereda, Andrey, Karelkin, Vitaliy, Enukashvily, Natella, Malashicheva, Anna
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England 13-01-2024
Subjects:	Adult Cell Culture Techniques Cell Differentiation Cells, Cultured Humans Mesenchymal Stem Cells - metabolism Osteogenesis Wharton Jelly cell differentiation osteoblasts mesenchymal stem cells neural crest Wharton jelly cells adult stem cells
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Summary:	Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in therapy, but the differences between MSCs of various origins and their ability to undergo osteogenic differentiation and produce extracellular matrix are not fully understood. To address this, we conducted a comparative analysis of mesenchymal cell primary cultures from 6 human sources, including osteoblast-like cells from the adult femur, adipose-derived stem cells, Wharton's jelly-derived mesenchymal cells, gingival fibroblasts, dental pulp stem cells, and periodontal ligament stem cells. We analyzed these cells' secretome, proteome, and transcriptome under standard and osteogenic cultivation conditions. Despite the overall similarity in osteogenic differentiation, the cells maintain their embryonic specificity after isolation and differentiation in vitro. Furthermore, we propose classifying mesenchymal cells into 3 groups: dental stem cells of neural crest origin, mesenchymal stem cells, and fetal stem cells. Specifically, fetal stem cells have the most promising secretome for various applications, while mesenchymal stem cells have a specialized secretome optimal for extracellular matrix production. Nevertheless, mesenchymal cells from all sources secreted core bone extracellular matrix-associated proteins. In conclusion, our study illuminates the distinctive characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells from various sources, providing insights into their potential applications in regenerative medicine and enhancing our understanding of the inherent diversity of mesenchymal cells in vivo.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1066-5099 1549-4918
DOI:	10.1093/stmcls/sxad081