Assessment of groundwater nitrate contamination hazard in a semi-arid region by using integrated parametric IPNOA and data-driven logistic regression models

Groundwater hazard assessments involve many activities dealing with the impacts of pollution on groundwater, such as human health studies and environment modelling. Nitrate contamination is considered a hazard to human health, environment and ecosystem. In groundwater management, the hazard should b...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental monitoring and assessment Vol. 190; no. 11; pp. 633 - 17
Main Authors:	Rizeei, Hossein Mojaddadi, Azeez, Omer Saud, Pradhan, Biswajeet, Khamees, Hayder Hassan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cham Springer International Publishing 01-11-2018 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Agricultural industry Agricultural management Arid regions Arid zones Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Climatic conditions Contamination Drinking water Drinking Water - analysis Drinking Water - chemistry Earth and Environmental Science Ecology Ecosystem management Ecosystems Ecotoxicology Environment Environment models Environmental impact Environmental Management Environmental monitoring Environmental Monitoring - methods Environmental science Geographic Information Systems Geographical information systems Groundwater Groundwater - analysis Groundwater - chemistry Groundwater management Groundwater pollution Groundwater quality Hazard assessment Health hazards Image analysis Image processing Image resolution Information systems Iraq Land cover Land use Logistic Models Mathematical models Methods Mineral nutrients Modelling Monitoring/Environmental Analysis Multivariate Analysis Nitrates Nitrates - analysis Nutrient loading Pollution Regression analysis Regression models Remote sensing Resolution Satellite imagery Satellites Semi arid areas Semiarid lands Soil Soil contamination Spatial resolution Support vector machines Sustainability management Urban agriculture Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water pollution Water Quality GIS Nitrate contamination Logistic regression Groundwater hazard assessment IPNOA
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Summary:	Groundwater hazard assessments involve many activities dealing with the impacts of pollution on groundwater, such as human health studies and environment modelling. Nitrate contamination is considered a hazard to human health, environment and ecosystem. In groundwater management, the hazard should be assessed before any action can be taken, particularly for groundwater pollution and water quality. Thus, pollution due to the presence of nitrate poses considerable hazard to drinking water, and excessive nutrient loads deteriorate the ecosystem. The parametric IPNOA model is one of the well-known methods used for evaluating nitrate content. However, it cannot predict the effect of soil and land use/land cover (LULC) types on calculations relying on parametric well samples. Therefore, in this study, the parametric model was trained and integrated with the multivariate data-driven model with different levels of information to assess groundwater nitrate contamination in Saladin, Iraq. The IPNOA model was developed with 185 different well samples and contributing parameters. Then, the IPNOA model was integrated with the logistic regression (LR) model to predict the nitrate contamination levels. Geographic information system techniques were also used to assess the spatial prediction of nitrate contamination. High-resolution SPOT-5 satellite images with 5 m spatial resolution were processed by object-based image analysis and support vector machine algorithm to extract LULC. Mapping of potential areas of nitrate contamination was examined using receiver operating characteristic assessment. Results indicated that the optimised LR-IPNOA model was more accurate in determining and analysing the nitrate hazard concentration than the standalone IPNOA model. This method can be easily replicated in other areas that have similar climatic condition. Therefore, stakeholders in planning and environmental decision makers could benefit immensely from the proposed method of this research, which can be potentially used for a sustainable management of urban, industrialised and agricultural sectors.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0167-6369 1573-2959
DOI:	10.1007/s10661-018-7013-8