Molecular characterisation of fowl adenovirus associated with hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome in broiler and layer breeders in Azerbaijan

Fowl adenovirus-4 is a causative agent of hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (HHS) in chickens and has been frequently reported from many countries. Fowl adenoviruses cause severe disease and mortality in broiler and layer breeders in Azerbaijan. Therefore, in this study, pathological lesions and t...

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Published in:	BMC veterinary research Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 244 - 8
Main Authors:	Bayraktar, Erhan, Aydin, Ozge, Tali, Hasan Emre, Yilmaz, Semaha Gul, Yilmaz, Aysun, Turan, Nuri, Bamac, Ozge Erdogan, Ozturk, Akay, Erdem, Altug, Kelleci, Metin, Sadeyen, Jean-Remy, Chang, Pengxiang, Yilmaz, Huseyin, Iqbal, Munir
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 07-06-2024 BioMed Central BMC
Subjects:	Adenoviridae Infections - epidemiology Adenoviridae Infections - veterinary Adenoviridae Infections - virology Adenoviruses Animals Aviadenovirus - classification Aviadenovirus - genetics Aviadenovirus - isolation & purification Azerbaijan Azerbaijan - epidemiology Birds Broilers (Poultry) Chickens Disease Disease control Diseases DNA sequencing DNA, Viral - genetics Fowl adenovirus Genes Genetic diversity Gross lesions Health aspects Health care reform Hemorrhage Hepatitis Hepatitis, Viral, Animal - epidemiology Hepatitis, Viral, Animal - pathology Hepatitis, Viral, Animal - virology Hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome Identification and classification Liver Liver - pathology Liver - virology Mortality Necropsy Phylogenetic Phylogenetics Phylogeny Polymerase chain reaction Poultry Poultry Diseases - epidemiology Poultry Diseases - pathology Poultry Diseases - virology Proteins Sequence analysis Spleen - pathology Spleen - virology Testing Viral infections Viral proteins Virulence Viruses Azerbaijan North America Hungary United States > US Japan Egypt United Arab Emirates Russia India Austria Pakistan Iran China Mexico Iraq Phylogenetic Azerbaijan Fowl adenovirus Gross lesions Chickens Hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome
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Summary:	Fowl adenovirus-4 is a causative agent of hydropericardium hepatitis syndrome (HHS) in chickens and has been frequently reported from many countries. Fowl adenoviruses cause severe disease and mortality in broiler and layer breeders in Azerbaijan. Therefore, in this study, pathological lesions and the dissemination of fowl adenovirus-4 into the visceral organs of infected birds were investigated as well as molecular characterisation of detected strains. For this, liver, heart and spleen from 20 necropsied chickens originated from a broiler breeder flock and a layer breeder flock were embeded on the FTA cards and the samples were analysed for adenovirus-DNA by PCR and sequencing. The findings of necropsy in both broiler and layer breeder chickens were similar, and the liver was severely effected showing hepatitis, and the heart with hydropericardium lesions. The kidneys were swollen with haemorrhages and small white foci on the surface of the spleens were noted. Intestinal congestion and ecchymotic hemorrhages were also observed in some birds. Fowl adenovirus-4-DNA was detected by PCR in all collected organs of 20 birds. The sequence analysis revealed that fowl adenovirus-4 present in Azerbaijan and close similarity of the hexon genes of the adenoviruses existing in the Middle East, North America, far east and Indian subcontinent were determined by phylogenetic analysis. However, sequence diversity was detected from the adenovirus strains circulating in Europe, North and South America. This study indicates the impact of fowl adenovirus-4 on the poultry health and production, and improved disease control and prevention strategies are necessary to reduce the HHS disease in chickens in Azerbaijan.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1746-6148 1746-6148
DOI:	10.1186/s12917-024-04081-0