Direct seeding of six agroforestry tree species indigenous to the Sahel: the effect of fungicide and planting-hole depth on seed germination and seedling emergence capacity

Direct seeding of six agroforestry tree species indigenous to the Sahel: the effect of fungicide and planting-hole depth on seed germination and seedling emergence capacity

Tree planting success has been a major challenge in the Sahel region. As a low-cost, efficient option, farmer-managed natural regeneration entails some constraints, most notably a lack of species diversity. To find alternative techniques, four experiments were carried out to determine seed germinati...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Agroforestry systems Vol. 97; no. 7; pp. 1261 - 1274
Main Authors: Ky-Dembele, C., Keita, M. K., Traore, F. T., Savadogo, P., Bayala, J., Muchugi, A., Carsan, S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-10-2023
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Agriculture
Agroforestry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Forestry
Fungicides
Germination
Indigenous species
Life Sciences
Pesticides
Plant species
Planting
Seed germination
Seeding
Seedlings
Seeds
Species diversity
Survival
Tree planting
Farmer managed natural regeneration (FMNR)
Recalcitrant
Restoration
Parkland
Orthodox
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Summary:Tree planting success has been a major challenge in the Sahel region. As a low-cost, efficient option, farmer-managed natural regeneration entails some constraints, most notably a lack of species diversity. To find alternative techniques, four experiments were carried out to determine seed germination and seedling emergence capacity, evaluate the success of direct seeding for orthodox ( Adansonia digitata , Faidherbia albida , Ziziphus mauritiana ) and recalcitrant species ( Cordyla pinnata , Saba senegalensis , Vitellaria paradoxa ), and examine the effects of fungicide treatments. A fifth experiment studied the influence of planting-hole depth on F. Albida seedling emergence capacity. The results did not reveal any significant differences based on fungicide doses. For germination test, V. paradoxa had the longest mean germination time among recalcitrant species. For both orthodox and recalcitrant species, significant differences were observed in seedling emergence parameters, survival and growth. Eighteen months after sowing, orthodox species A. digitata and Z. mauritiana showed the highest survival rates at 99 ± 1% and 95 ± 2%, respectively, while among recalcitrant species, V. paradoxa had the highest survival rate (80 ± 5%), 17 months after sowing. Analyses of the probability of ending up with a maximum of 10% empty spots demonstrated a need to sow at least 4, 5, 10 and 8 seeds for A. digitata , F. albida , Z. mauritiana , and V. paradoxa , respectively. The deepest hole, measuring 100 cm in the F. albida experiment, significantly outperformed the other holes of lower depth, displaying the highest mean emergence rate and the greatest relative growth rate. These results support the hypothesis that direct seeding in 60 cm-deep holes can be successful for A. digitata , F. albida , Z. mauritiana, and V. paradoxa .
ISSN:0167-4366
1572-9680
DOI:10.1007/s10457-022-00752-9