Altered Compliance and Residual Strain Precede Angiographically Detectable Early Atherosclerosis in Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Deficiency

BACKGROUND This study was performed to detect changes in vascular biomechanical properties early in atherogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Age-and weight-matched LDL-receptor deficient Watanabe hypercholesterolemic male rabbits (Group In = 11) and normal rabbits (Group IIn = 11) were studied. Fasting pl...

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Published in:	Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology Vol. 17; no. 10; pp. 2209 - 2217
Main Authors:	Hong, Mun, Vossoughi, Jafar, Mintz, Gary S, Kauffmann, Richard D, Hoyt, Robert F. Jr, Cornhill, J. Fredrick, Herderick, Edward E, Leon, Martin B, Hoeg, Jeffrey M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Philadelphia, PA American Heart Association, Inc 01-10-1997 Hagerstown, MD Lippincott
Subjects:	Animals Aorta - physiology Aortography Arteriosclerosis - etiology Atherosclerosis (general aspects, experimental research) Biological and medical sciences Biomechanical Phenomena Blood and lymphatic vessels Cardiology. Vascular system Compliance Male Medical sciences Rabbits Receptors, LDL - deficiency Stress, Mechanical Animal model Angiography Rabbit Cardiovascular disease Lipids Hyperlipoproteinemia Vascular disease Lipoprotein LDL Atherosclerosis Dyslipemia Biological receptor Sonography Residual strain Radiodiagnosis Deficiency Metabolic diseases Exploration Endovascular route Lagomorpha Compliance(volume pressure) Vertebrata Mammalia Hypercholesterolemia Animal Echography
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Summary:	BACKGROUND This study was performed to detect changes in vascular biomechanical properties early in atherogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS Age-and weight-matched LDL-receptor deficient Watanabe hypercholesterolemic male rabbits (Group In = 11) and normal rabbits (Group IIn = 11) were studied. Fasting plasma lipoprotein concentrations, aortic angiography and intravascular ultrasound, in vivo aortic compliance evaluation, ex vivo aortic residual strain measurements, aortic lipid content and histopathology were determined. Plasma cholesterol was increased 9.8 fold and aortic cholesterol content was increased from 20 to 43 fold in Group I compared to Group II, respectively (P < .00005). Angiography revealed no stenoses in either group, whereas intravascular ultrasound and histological studies of Group I showed small circumferential plaques with < 10% cross-sectional area involvement. The residual strain in Group I was significantly increased in the ascending thoracic aorta (22.1 +/- 6.9% versus 10.4 +/- 3.2% in Group II, P < .0001), descending thoracic aorta (15.7 +/- 7.2% versus 4.8 +/- 1.3% in Group II, P < .0001), and abdominal aorta (18.0 +/- 4.8% versus 8.3 +/- 6.3% in Group II, P < .005). Changes in residual strain were inversely correlated with the aortic cholesterol content in the ascending thoracic aorta (r = -.72; P = -.001), descending thoracic aorta (r = -.95; P < .001), and abdominal aorta (r = -.51; P = .019). CONCLUSIONS Early atherosclerosis in LDL-receptor deficient rabbits, undetectable by angiography yet observed by intravascular ultrasound imaging and histology, is associated with marked changes in ex vivo residual strain. Alterations in vascular biomechanical properties, associated with changes in cholesterol content, may have physiologic consequences and may be useful in detecting and quantitating early atherosclerosis. (Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 1997;17:2209-2217.)
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1079-5642 1524-4636
DOI:	10.1161/01.atv.17.10.2209