An elbow extension neuroprosthesis for individuals with tetraplegia

Functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the triceps to restore control of elbow extension was integrated into a portable hand grasp neuroprosthesis for use by people with cervical level spinal cord injury. An accelerometer mounted on the upper arm activated triceps stimulation when the arm was ra...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	IEEE transactions on rehabilitation engineering Vol. 6; no. 1; pp. 1 - 6
Main Authors:	Crago, P.E., Memberg, W.D., Usey, M.K., Keith, M.W., Kirsch, R.F., Chapman, G.J., Katorgi, M.A., Perreault, E.J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States IEEE 01-03-1998
Subjects:	Accelerometers Arm Asia Biomechanical Phenomena Biomechanics Biomedical engineering Cervical Vertebrae - injuries Elbow Elbow Joint - physiopathology Electric Stimulation Therapy Electrical stimulation Functional electric stimulation Gravity Hand Strength - physiology Humans Isometric Contraction - physiology Joints (anatomy) Male Medical problems Motor Neurons - physiology Neuromuscular stimulation Patient rehabilitation Prostheses and Implants Quadriplegia - rehabilitation Range of Motion, Articular - physiology Shoulder Spinal cord injury Spinal Injuries - rehabilitation Task Performance and Analysis
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Summary:	Functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the triceps to restore control of elbow extension was integrated into a portable hand grasp neuroprosthesis for use by people with cervical level spinal cord injury. An accelerometer mounted on the upper arm activated triceps stimulation when the arm was raised above a predetermined threshold angle. Elbow posture was controlled by the subjects voluntarily flexing to counteract the stimulated elbow extension. The elbow moments created by the stimulated triceps were at least 4 N/spl middot/m, which was sufficient to extend the arm against gravity. Electrical stimulation of the triceps increased the range of locations and orientations in the workspace over which subjects could grasp and move objects. In addition, object acquisition speed was increased. Thus elbow extension enhances a person's ability to grasp and manipulate objects in an unstructured environment.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Case Study-3 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-4 ObjectType-Report-2
ISSN:	1063-6528 1558-0024
DOI:	10.1109/86.662614