Some observations on the biting behavior of Anopheles gambiae s.s., Anopheles arabiensis, and Anopheles funestus and their implications for malaria control

Studies were carried out in three villages in western Kenya on the biting behavior of Anopheles gambiae s.s., Anopheles arabiensis, and Anopheles funestus. Blood feeding behavior and departure from houses were studied under the impact of permethrin-impregnated eaves-sisal curtains. Only 2-13% of the...

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Published in:	Experimental parasitology Vol. 82; no. 3; pp. 306 - 315
Main Authors:	Githeko, A.K. (KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya.), Adungo, N.I, Karanja, D.M, Hawley, W.A, Vulule, J.M, Seroney, I.K, Ofulla, A.V.O, Atieli, F.K, Ondijo, S.O, Genga, I.O
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	San Diego, CA Elsevier 01-04-1996
Subjects:	ALOJAMIENTO DE ANIMALES ANIMAL HOUSING Animals ANOPHELES Anopheles - physiology ANOPHELES ARABIENSIS ANOPHELES GAMBIAE BEHAVIOR PATTERNS BEHAVIOUR Biological and medical sciences BIOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES BITING RATES BLOOD-MEALS Cattle COMPORTAMIENTO COMPORTEMENT COMPORTEMENT ALIMENTAIRE CONTROL DE ENFERMEDADES CONTROLE DE MALADIES Culicidae CURTAINS DIFERENCIAS BIOLOGICAS DIFFERENCE BIOLOGIQUE Diptera DISEASE CONTROL DISEASE VECTORS Feeding Behavior FEEDING HABITS Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology HABITOS ALIMENTARIOS Housing Humans IMPREGNATED FABRICS Insect Bites and Stings - epidemiology Insect Bites and Stings - prevention & control Insect Vectors - physiology KENIA KENYA LOGEMENT DES ANIMAUX MALARIA Malaria - prevention & control Male Medically important nuisances and vectors, pests of stored products and materials: population survey and control Mosquito Control - methods PERMETHRIN PERMETHRINE PERMETRINA Plasmodium SPECIES DIFFERENCES VECTEUR DE MALADIE VECTORES VECTORS Vectors. Intermediate hosts Kenya Africa Protozoa Protozoal disease Feeding behavior Insecticide Permethrin Malaria Insecta Parasite Daily variation Parasitosis Infection Plasmodium falciparum Anopheles gambiae Arthropoda Pathogenic Culicidae Chemical control Blood meal Invertebrata Sporozoa Vector Diptera Population density
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Summary:	Studies were carried out in three villages in western Kenya on the biting behavior of Anopheles gambiae s.s., Anopheles arabiensis, and Anopheles funestus. Blood feeding behavior and departure from houses were studied under the impact of permethrin-impregnated eaves-sisal curtains. Only 2-13% of the female vector population was collected biting before 2200 hr. Over 90% of the villagers went to bed by 2100 hr. An. funestus was 6.6-8.2 times more likely to bite people indoors than outdoors, while An. gambiae s.l. females were only 2 times as likely. Under the influence of permethrin-impregnated sisal curtains placed under the eaves of village houses, there was a marked egress of blood-fed An. funestus and An. gambiae s.s. Permethrin seems to have induced exophily of half-gravid female An. gambiae s.s. While An. gambiae s.s. remained highly anthropophagic under the impact of permethrin, An. funestus shifted to feeding more on cattle. An arabiensis were largely zoophilic. Our results underline the difficulties of controlling An. gambiae s.s., the principal African malaria vector. New strategies must be found to control this vector.
Bibliography:	L72 9616242 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0014-4894 1090-2449
DOI:	10.1006/expr.1996.0038