Solubilization of Naphthalene and Methyl-Substituted Naphthalenes from Crude Oil Using Biosurfactants

Glycolipids produced by Rhodococcus species H13-A and a representative synthetic surfactant Tween-80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) were used to demonstrate enhanced substrate “solubility” (aqueous-plus-micellar phase) in the presence of surfactants. Nascent concentrations of naphthalene and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental science & technology Vol. 31; no. 2; pp. 556 - 561
Main Authors:	Kanga, Shahrukh A, Bonner, James S, Page, Cheryl A, Mills, Marc A, Autenrieth, Robin L
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC American Chemical Society 01-02-1997
Subjects:	Biodegradation of pollutants Biological and medical sciences Biotechnology Chemicals Chemistry Environment and pollution Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Industrial applications and implications. Economical aspects Microorganisms Oil Surfactants Partition method Toxicity Micelle Surfactant Polycyclic aromatic compound Solubilization Naphthalene derivatives Biological purification Glycolipid Pollutant Microbial origin Crude oil Comparative study
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Summary:	Glycolipids produced by Rhodococcus species H13-A and a representative synthetic surfactant Tween-80 (polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate) were used to demonstrate enhanced substrate “solubility” (aqueous-plus-micellar phase) in the presence of surfactants. Nascent concentrations of naphthalene and its methyl-substituted derivatives in crude oil were used as representative polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons for the study. Both biosurfactant glycolipids from H13-A and Tween-80 lowered the surface tension of aqueous solutions from 72 to ∼30 dyn/cm. The two-ring aromatics showed a substantial increase in their apparent solubilities in the presence of surfactants; the increase being significantly greater for the biosurfactant as compared to the synthetic surfactant. The aqueous phase solubility enhancement was greater for the highly substituted derivatives as compared to the lesser substituted compounds. Higher toxicity levels, as seen by the lower EC50 values, of the surfactant mixtures indicated enhanced partitioning of the petroleum contaminants in the aqueous phase. Higher initial EC50 values for the biosurfactant meant that they exhibit lesser aqueous toxicity as compared to the synthetic surfactant. When compared on a toxicity per mass of PAH basis, the end point Tween-80 system was approximately 50% more toxic than the biosurfactant system.
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/TPS-HXH2PCNT-Q Abstract published in Advance ACS Abstracts, December 15, 1996. istex:342961A7D24763F91978B837FB98E1199927ADE3 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0013-936X 1520-5851
DOI:	10.1021/es9604370