Age-Associated Changes in Carotid Intima–Media Thickness in Relation to Redox Balance Indices in Metabolic Syndrome

Age-Associated Changes in Carotid Intima–Media Thickness in Relation to Redox Balance Indices in Metabolic Syndrome

In this study, we evaluated the relationship among the carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT), the redox balance parameters of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and HO-1, and the expression of oxidative stress-related NF-kB, Nrf2, and HO-1 in peripheral blood mononucle...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied sciences Vol. 14; no. 16; p. 7218
Main Authors: Bekyarova, Ganka Y, Bekyarov, Nicolai A, Madjova, Valentina H, Madjova, Christiana R, Kalevska, Evgenia D, Salim, Ayshe S, Vankova, Deyana G, Ivanova, Diana G, Kiselova-Kaneva, Yoana D
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-08-2024
Subjects:
Age
Atherosclerosis
Biomarkers
Blood pressure
carotid intima–media thickness
Cholesterol
Development and progression
Endothelium
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid
Gene expression
Genes
High density lipoprotein
Hypertension
Medical laboratories
Metabolic syndrome
Obesity
Oxidative stress
peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)
Plasma
Transcription factors
Triglycerides
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Ultrasonic imaging
Veins & arteries
United States > US
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Summary:In this study, we evaluated the relationship among the carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT), the redox balance parameters of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and HO-1, and the expression of oxidative stress-related NF-kB, Nrf2, and HO-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells as biomarkers in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as a pathologic condition characterized by abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidaemia. The components of MetS and the associated cardiovascular risks may disrupt the vascular endothelial function and the structure of the vascular wall, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis and vascular diseases. In this study we evaluated the relationship between the carotid intima–media thickness (CIMT), the redox balance parameters of plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), malondialdehyde (MDA), and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and the expression of oxidative stress-related nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and HO-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in MetS. Significantly higher CIMT was established in MetS patients aged ≥ 55 years as compared with the control group (0.96 ± 0.29 vs. 0.74 ± 0.21, p < 0.05). Expression was higher in MetS patients aged < 55 years (83% for NF-kB, p < 0.05; 251% for Nrf2, p < 0.05, and 337% for HO-1, p < 0.05) in comparison to the control group. Similarly, expression was higher in CIMT < 0.90 mm than the control group by 80% for NF-kB, p < 0.01; 260% for Nrf2, p < 0.05, and 303% for HO-1, p < 0.05. In contrast, gene expression was under-regulated in the subgroups of MetS patients aged ≥ 55 years and MetS patients with CIMT ≥ 0.90 mm. Significantly higher plasma levels for MDA, ADMA, and HO-1 were established in the age < 55 and age ≥ 55 MetS subgroups and the CIMT < 0.90 mm and CIMT ≥ 0.90 mm subgroups. In conclusion, MetS individuals aged ≥ 55 are at higher risk of increased CIMT and impaired redox balance.
ISSN:2076-3417
2076-3417
DOI:10.3390/app14167218