Protection of rainbow trout against yersiniosis by lpxD mutant Yersinia ruckeri

Yersinia ruckeri is a Gram negative bacteria causing yersiniosis in freshwater and marine fish. Lipid A, important for pathogenesis of Gram negative bacteria, biosynthesis pathway requires nine enzyme catalyzed steps. Although there are nine genes encoding lipid A biosynthesis in bacteria, biosynthe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Fish & shellfish immunology Vol. 55; pp. 21 - 27
Main Authors:	Altinok, Ilhan, Ozturk, Rafet C., Kahraman, Umit C., Capkin, Erol
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Elsevier Ltd 01-08-2016
Subjects:	Animals Antibody Bacterial Vaccines - genetics Bacterial Vaccines - immunology Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel - veterinary Fish Diseases - immunology Fish Diseases - microbiology Fish Diseases - prevention & control LPS deficient lpxD Oncorhynchus mykiss Pneumoviridae Vaccination methods Vaccines, Attenuated - genetics Vaccines, Attenuated - immunology Yersinia Infections - immunology Yersinia Infections - microbiology Yersinia Infections - prevention & control Yersinia ruckeri Yersinia ruckeri - genetics Yersinia ruckeri - immunology Yersiniosis lpxD Vaccination methods LPS deficient Antibody Yersiniosis
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Summary:	Yersinia ruckeri is a Gram negative bacteria causing yersiniosis in freshwater and marine fish. Lipid A, important for pathogenesis of Gram negative bacteria, biosynthesis pathway requires nine enzyme catalyzed steps. Although there are nine genes encoding lipid A biosynthesis in bacteria, biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides relies on lpxD gene that encodes the third pathway enzyme. The roles of LpxD in Y. ruckeri virulence have not been studied. In the present study, in-frameshift deletion of lpxD gene and their role in Y. ruckeri virulence in rainbow trout were determined. For this purpose, 92% of the Y. ruckeri lpxD genes were deleted by homologous recombination. After running in SDS-PAGE and staining with silver stain, no LPS was detectable in the Y. ruckeri ΔlpxD mutant. Virulence and immunogenicity of the Y. ruckeri ΔlpxD mutant (YrΔlpxD) were determined in rainbow trout. Rainbow trout immunized with YrΔlpxD with immersion, or intraperitoneal injection method displayed superior protection (relative percentage survival ≥ 84%) after exposure to wild type Y. ruckeri. In conclusion, our results indicated that deletion of the lpxD gene causes significant attenuation of Y. ruckeri in rainbow trout, and LPS deficient YrΔlpxD could be used as a live attenuated vaccine against Y. ruckeri in rainbow trout. This vaccine can protect fish and it can be applied to fish with different methods such as immersion or injection. •Yersinia ruckeri UDP-3-O-acyl-glucosamine N-acyltransferase (lpxD) gene is mutated.•Y. ruckeri lpxD mutant attenuated significantly in rainbow trout.•Y. ruckeri lpxD mutant is LPS deficient.•This vaccine can protect fish against the Y. ruckeri wild type infection.•Vaccine can be applied to fish with different methods such as immersion, or injection.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1050-4648 1095-9947
DOI:	10.1016/j.fsi.2016.04.018