A binocular iPad treatment for amblyopic children

A binocular iPad treatment for amblyopic children

Purpose Monocular amblyopia treatment (patching or penalization) does not always result in 6/6 vision and amblyopia often recurs. As amblyopia arises from abnormal binocular visual experience, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel home-based binocular amblyopia treatment. Methods Children (4–12...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Eye (London) Vol. 28; no. 10; pp. 1246 - 1253
Main Authors: Li, S L, Jost, R M, Morale, S E, Stager, D R, Dao, L, Stager, D, Birch, E E
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 01-10-2014
Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:
692/699/3161/3178
692/700/1720
692/700/565
Amblyopia - etiology
Amblyopia - physiopathology
Amblyopia - therapy
Anisometropia - complications
Child
Child, Preschool
Computers, Handheld
Eyeglasses
Female
Humans
Laboratory Medicine
Laboratory Study
Male
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Ophthalmology
Pharmaceutical Sciences/Technology
Strabismus - complications
Surgery
Surgical Oncology
Video Games
Vision, Binocular - physiology
Visual Acuity - physiology
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Summary:Purpose Monocular amblyopia treatment (patching or penalization) does not always result in 6/6 vision and amblyopia often recurs. As amblyopia arises from abnormal binocular visual experience, we evaluated the effectiveness of a novel home-based binocular amblyopia treatment. Methods Children (4–12 y) wore anaglyphic glasses to play binocular games on an iPad platform for 4 h/w for 4 weeks. The first 25 children were assigned to sham games and then 50 children to binocular games. Children in the binocular group had the option of participating for an additional 4 weeks. Compliance was monitored with calendars and tracking fellow eye contrast settings. About half of the children in each group were also treated with patching at a different time of day. Best-corrected visual acuity, suppression, and stereoacuity were measured at baseline, at the 4- and 8-week outcome visits, and 3 months after cessation of treatment. Results Mean (±SE) visual acuity improved in the binocular group from 0.47±0.03 logMAR at baseline to 0.39±0.03 logMAR at 4 weeks ( P <0.001); there was no significant change for the sham group. The effect of binocular games on visual acuity did not differ for children who were patched vs those who were not. The median stereoacuity remained unchanged in both groups. An additional 4 weeks of treatment did not yield additional visual acuity improvement. Visual acuity improvements were maintained for 3 months after the cessation of treatment. Conclusions Binocular iPad treatment rapidly improved visual acuity, and visual acuity was stable for at least 3 months following the cessation of treatment.
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ISSN:0950-222X
1476-5454
DOI:10.1038/eye.2014.165