Long-term outcomes of the global tuberculosis and COVID-19 co-infection cohort

Longitudinal cohort data of patients with tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are lacking. In our global study, we describe long-term outcomes of patients affected by TB and COVID-19. We collected data from 174 centres in 31 countries on all patients affected by COVID-19 and TB...

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Published in:	The European respiratory journal Vol. 62; no. 5
Main Authors:	Casco, Nicolas, Jorge, Alberto Levi, Palmero, Domingo Juan, Alffenaar, Jan-Willem, Fox, Greg J, Ezz, Wafaa, Cho, Jin-Gun, Denholm, Justin, Skrahina, Alena, Solodovnikova, Varvara, Arbex, Marcos Abdo, Alves, Tatiana, Rabahi, Marcelo Fouad, Pereira, Giovana Rodrigues, Sales, Roberta, Silva, Denise Rossato, Saffie, Muntasir M, Salinas, Nadia Escobar, Miranda, Ruth Caamaño, Cisterna, Catalina, Concha, Clorinda, Fernandez, Israel, Villalón, Claudia, Vera, Carolina Guajardo, Tapia, Patricia Gallegos, Cancino, Viviana, Carbonell, Monica, Cruz, Arturo, Muñoz, Eduardo, Muñoz, Camila, Navarro, Indira, Pizarro, Rolando, Cristina Sánchez, Gloria Pereira, Vergara Riquelme, Maria Soledad, Vilca, Evelyn, Soto, Aline, Flores, Ximena, Garavagno, Ana, Bahamondes, Martina Hartwig, Merino, Luis Moyano, Pradenas, Ana María, Revillot, Macarena Espinoza, Rodriguez, Patricia, Salinas, Angeles Serrano, Taiba, Carolina, Valdés, Joaquín Farías, Subiabre, Jorge Navarro, Ortega, Carlos, Palma, Sofia, Castillo, Patricia Perez, Pinto, Mónica, Bidegain, Francisco Rivas, Venegas, Margarita, Yucra, Edith, Li, Yang, Cruz, Andres, Guelvez, Beatriz, Victoria Plaza, Regina, Tello Hoyos, Kelly Yoana, Cardoso-Landivar, José, Van Den Boom, Martin, Andréjak, Claire, Blanc, François-Xavier, Dourmane, Samir, Froissart, Antoine, Izadifar, Armine, Rivière, Frédéric, Schlemmer, Frédéric, Manika, Katerina, Diallo, Boubacar Djelo, Hassane-Harouna, Souleymane, Artiles, Norma, Mejia, Licenciada Andrea, Gupta, Nitesh, Ish, Pranav, Mishra, Gyanshankar, Patel, Jigneshkumar M, Singla, Rupak, Udwadia, Zarir F, Alladio, Francesca, Angeli, Fabio, Calcagno, Andrea, Centis, Rosella, Codecasa, Luigi Ruffo, De Lauretis, Angelo, Esposito, Susanna M R, Formenti, Beatrice, Gaviraghi, Alberto, Giacomet, Vania, Goletti, Delia, Gualano, Gina, Matteelli, Alberto, Migliori, Giovanni Battista, Motta, Ilaria, Palmieri, Fabrizio, Pontali, Emanuele, Prestileo, Tullio, Riccardi, Niccolò, Saderi, Laura, Saporiti, Matteo
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England 01-11-2023
Subjects:	Coinfection COVID-19 - complications HIV Infections - complications Humans Male Retrospective Studies Risk Factors Tuberculosis, Miliary
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Summary:	Longitudinal cohort data of patients with tuberculosis (TB) and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are lacking. In our global study, we describe long-term outcomes of patients affected by TB and COVID-19. We collected data from 174 centres in 31 countries on all patients affected by COVID-19 and TB between 1 March 2020 and 30 September 2022. Patients were followed-up until cure, death or end of cohort time. All patients had TB and COVID-19; for analysis purposes, deaths were attributed to TB, COVID-19 or both. Survival analysis was performed using Cox proportional risk-regression models, and the log-rank test was used to compare survival and mortality attributed to TB, COVID-19 or both. Overall, 788 patients with COVID-19 and TB (active or sequelae) were recruited from 31 countries, and 10.8% (n=85) died during the observation period. Survival was significantly lower among patients whose death was attributed to TB and COVID-19 those dying because of either TB or COVID-19 alone (p<0.001). Significant adjusted risk factors for TB mortality were higher age (hazard ratio (HR) 1.05, 95% CI 1.03-1.07), HIV infection (HR 2.29, 95% CI 1.02-5.16) and invasive ventilation (HR 4.28, 95% CI 2.34-7.83). For COVID-19 mortality, the adjusted risks were higher age (HR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.04), male sex (HR 2.21, 95% CI 1.24-3.91), oxygen requirement (HR 7.93, 95% CI 3.44-18.26) and invasive ventilation (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.36-3.53). In our global cohort, death was the outcome in >10% of patients with TB and COVID-19. A range of demographic and clinical predictors are associated with adverse outcomes.
ISSN:	1399-3003
DOI:	10.1183/13993003.00925-2023