The labeling of cationic iron oxide nanoparticle-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells using targeted magnetoliposomes

Abstract The in vitro labeling of cultured cells with nanomaterials is a frequent practice but the efficiency, specificity and cytotoxicity of labeling specific cell types using targeted nanoparticles has only rarely been investigated. In the present work, functionalized anionic lipid-coated iron ox...

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Published in:	Biomaterials Vol. 32; no. 6; pp. 1748 - 1758
Main Authors:	Soenen, Stefaan J.H, Brisson, Alain R, Jonckheere, Eveline, Nuytten, Nele, Tan, Sisareuth, Himmelreich, Uwe, De Cuyper, Marcel
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier Ltd 01-02-2011
Subjects:	(Iron oxide) Nanoparticle Advanced Basic Science Animals Biomedical materials Calcium - metabolism Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Cationic Cell labeling Cell Line Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Cytotoxicity Dentistry Ferric Compounds - chemistry Ferric Compounds - metabolism Galactose Hep G2 Cells Humans Iron oxides Liposomes - chemistry Magnetoliposome Marking Mice Nanomaterials Nanoparticles - chemistry Nanostructure Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism Receptors Staining and Labeling - methods Transferrin - metabolism Uptakes (Iron oxide) Nanoparticle Cytotoxicity Cell labeling Biomedical materials Magnetoliposome
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Summary:	Abstract The in vitro labeling of cultured cells with nanomaterials is a frequent practice but the efficiency, specificity and cytotoxicity of labeling specific cell types using targeted nanoparticles has only rarely been investigated. In the present work, functionalized anionic lipid-coated iron oxide cores (magnetoliposomes (MLs)) bearing galactose moieties were used for the specific labeling of asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (ASGPR-1)-expressing HepG2 cells. The optimal number of galactose moieties per particle (±26) was determined and uptake efficiency was compared with galactose-lacking anionic and cationic MLs. Using a blocking assay with free galactose, electron microscopy and co-cultures of HepG2 and non-ASGPR-1 expressing C17.2 cells, the specificity of the particles for the ASGPR-1 receptor was demonstrated. The intracellular localization of the galactose-bearing MLs was further verified by confocal microscopy. The non-toxic ML concentration was determined to be 400 μg Fe/ml. Finally, the use of these MLs for visualization of labelled cells by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was demonstrated. The data show a high uptake and specificity of the galactose-bearing MLs, whereas the cationic MLs remain primarily surface-associated. Thus, targeted MLs offer a successful alternative for cell labeling when cationic particles fail to be efficiently internalized.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0142-9612 1878-5905
DOI:	10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.11.005