A Review of Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Key Materials, Sodium-Storage Mechanisms, Applications, and Large-Scale Design Principles

A Review of Carbon Anode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries: Key Materials, Sodium-Storage Mechanisms, Applications, and Large-Scale Design Principles

Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been proposed as a potential substitute for commercial lithium-ion batteries due to their excellent storage performance and cost-effectiveness. However, due to the substantial radius of sodium ions, there is an urgent need to develop anode materials with exemplary el...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 29; no. 18; p. 4331
Main Authors: Jia, Qixing, Li, Zeyuan, Ruan, Hulong, Luo, Dawei, Wang, Junjun, Ding, Zhiyu, Chen, Lina
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 12-09-2024
MDPI
Subjects:
Adsorption
Alkali industry
Alternative energy sources
Batteries
Carbon
carbon materials
China
Chloralkali
Electric properties
Electrolytes
Energy resources
Energy storage
energy storage mechanism
Environmental impact
Graphene
Graphite
large-scale application
Lithium
Natural resources
Phillips, Rog
Review
Sodium
sodium batteries
China
carbon materials
sodium batteries
energy storage mechanism
large-scale application
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been proposed as a potential substitute for commercial lithium-ion batteries due to their excellent storage performance and cost-effectiveness. However, due to the substantial radius of sodium ions, there is an urgent need to develop anode materials with exemplary electrochemical characteristics, thereby enabling the fabrication of sodium-ion batteries with high energy density and rapid dynamics. Carbon materials are highly valued in the energy-storage field due to their diverse structures, low cost, and high reliability. This review comprehensively summarizes the typical structure; energy-storage mechanisms; and current development status of various carbon-based anode materials for SIBs, such as hard carbon, soft carbon, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and porous carbon materials. This review also provides an overview of the current status and future development of related companies for sodium-ion batteries. Furthermore, it offers a summary and outlook on the challenges and opportunities associated with the design principles and large-scale production of carbon materials with high-energy-density requirements. This review offers an avenue for exploring outstanding improvement strategies for carbon materials, which can provide guidance for future application and research.
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ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules29184331