Breast Cancer Risk From Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors among Palestinian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Breast Cancer Risk From Modifiable and Non-Modifiable Risk Factors among Palestinian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Breast cancer (BC) is known as one of the deadliest forms of cancer, and it is increasing globally. Identifying risk factors for BC is a key point in developing preventive strategies to reduce its occurrence. Herein, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis focus on the risk factors...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP Vol. 22; no. 7; pp. 1987 - 1995
Main Authors: Arafat, Heba Mohammed, Omar, Julia, Muhamad, Rosediani, Al-Astani, Tengku Ahmad Damitri, Shafii, Noorazliyana, Al Laham, Nahed Ali, Naser, Ihab, Shamallakh, Ohood Mohammed, Shamallakh, Kholoud Mohammed, Jebril, Majed Abed Al Rahman
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Thailand West Asia Organization for Cancer Prevention 01-07-2021
Subjects:
Age Factors
Arabs
Breast Neoplasms - ethnology
Female
Humans
Review
Risk Factors
breast cancer
risk factors
Palestinian women
Meta-analysis
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Summary:Breast cancer (BC) is known as one of the deadliest forms of cancer, and it is increasing globally. Identifying risk factors for BC is a key point in developing preventive strategies to reduce its occurrence. Herein, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis focus on the risk factors for BC in Palestine. We performed a systematic search via PubMed, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Cochrane library, Emerald Insight, and Google scholar for identifying studies published on BC risk factors up to March 2021. Pooled odds ratios (OR) are calculated using fixed and random-effect models. Data were processed using Review Manager 5.4 (RevMan 5.4). From a total of 73 articles, seven case-control studies met the criteria for systematic review. Meta-analysis results showed that of the known modifiable risk factors for BC, diabetes mellitus (DM) had the highest odds ratio (OR = 4.97, 95% CI 3.00- 8.25) followed by hypertension (OR = 3.21, 95% CI 1.96-5.23), obesity (BMI >30 Kg/m2) (OR = 2.90, 95% CI 2.00- 4.21), and passive smoking (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.12- 2.02). Controversially, breastfeeding (OR = 0.37, 95% CI 0.23- 0.61) was protective factor in BC. Of non-modifiable risk factors for BC has reached menopause had the highest odds ratio (OR = 3.74, 95% CI 2.64- 5.29), followed by family history of BC (OR = 2.63, 95% CI 1.07-6.44) and age (≥ 40 years) (OR = 2.49, 95% CI 1.43-4.34). The most significant predictors of BC in Palestine were DM, hypertension, passive smokers, age (>40), reached menopause, and family history of BC. Almost all these risk factors are consistent with known risk factors for breast cancer in other parts of the world. .
ISSN:1513-7368
2476-762X
DOI:10.31557/APJCP.2021.22.7.1987