Characteristics of pipe corrosion scales in untreated water distribution system and effect on water quality in Peshawar, Pakistan

This study investigated the characteristics of iron corrosion scales in pipes at tube well, overhead tank, and consumers’ end in older untreated water distribution system in Peshawar city, Pakistan. Effect of water quality conditions on corrosion scales and that of scales on drinking water quality i...

Full description

Saved in:

Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 26; no. 6; pp. 5794 - 5803
Main Authors:	Shams, Dilawar Farhan, Islam, Saeed, Shi, Baoyou, Khan, Waliullah, Gunawardana, Buddhika, Saad, Maryam, Qasim, Muhammad, Javed, Haider Ali, Afridi, Sahib Gul, Naeem, Muhammad, Khan, Gul Shahzada
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01-02-2019 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Alkalinity Aluminum Aquatic Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Bacterial corrosion Biofilms Cadmium Carbonates Chemical composition Chromium Consumers Copper Corrosion Corrosion effects Corrosion rate Destabilization Dissolution Dissolved oxygen Drinking water Drinking Water - chemistry Earth and Environmental Science Ecotoxicology Electrical conductivity Electrical resistivity Electron microscopes Environment Environmental Chemistry Environmental Health Environmental science Ferric Compounds Ferrosoferric Oxide Goethite Heavy metals Iron Iron Compounds Magnetite Manganese Microbial activity Minerals Morphology Organic chemistry Oxidation Pakistan Quartz Research Article Scale (corrosion) Scanning electron microscopy Trace metals Turbidity Waste Water Technology Water Water distribution Water distribution systems Water engineering Water Management Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis Water Pollution Control Water Quality Water Supply - methods Water Supply - statistics & numerical data X-Ray Diffraction Pakistan Peshawar Pakistan Drinking water Composition Microorganisms Corrosion scales Dissolution Water quality
Online Access:	Get full text
Tags:	Add Tag No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!

Description
Summary:	This study investigated the characteristics of iron corrosion scales in pipes at tube well, overhead tank, and consumers’ end in older untreated water distribution system in Peshawar city, Pakistan. Effect of water quality conditions on corrosion scales and that of scales on drinking water quality in such systems was also assessed by undertaking a comparison with new piped distribution systems. The scales were analyzed for chemical composition and morphology using X-ray diffraction (XRD), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), and a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while water quality was examined for physicochemical and biological characteristics. The main crystalline phases of corrosion scales were goethite, magnetite, siderite, and quartz. From tube well to consumers’ end, goethite increased from 36 up to 48%, quartz declined from 22 to 15%, while magnetite fluctuated and siderite disappeared. Elemental composition of scales showed the deposition of Zn, Al, Mn, Cr, Pb, Cu, As, and Cd with Zn (13.9 g/kg) and Al (3.6 g/kg) in highest proportion. The SEM analysis illustrated the presence of microbial communities indicating the formation of biofilms in the corrosion scales. The significant difference ( P < 0.05) in levels of dissolved oxygen (DO), Cl − , SiO 4 4− , electrical conductivity (EC), SO 4 2− , NO 3 − , alkalinity, hardness, and trace metals between old (DS-O) and new piped systems indicated their role in corrosion scale formation/destabilization and the effect of scale dissolution on water quality. In DS-O, EC, Cu, and Mn were significantly higher ( P < 0.05), whereas turbidity, EC, DO, and SiO 4 4− significantly increased from source to consumers’ end implying a higher dissolution of scales and lowered corrosion rates in DS-O to utilize SiO 4 4− and DO for iron oxidation.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0944-1344 1614-7499
DOI:	10.1007/s11356-018-04099-6