Inhibitors of amino acids biosynthesis as antifungal agents

Inhibitors of amino acids biosynthesis as antifungal agents

Fungal microorganisms, including the human pathogenic yeast and filamentous fungi, are able to synthesize all proteinogenic amino acids, including nine that are essential for humans. A number of enzymes catalyzing particular steps of human-essential amino acid biosynthesis are fungi specific. Numero...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Amino acids Vol. 47; no. 2; pp. 227 - 249
Main Authors: Jastrzębowska, Kamila, Gabriel, Iwona
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Vienna Springer-Verlag 01-02-2015
Springer Vienna
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Amino acids
Amino Acids - biosynthesis
Analytical Chemistry
animal pathogenic fungi
antifungal agents
Antifungal Agents - chemistry
Antifungal Agents - pharmacology
auxotrophs
Biochemical Engineering
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedical materials
Biosynthesis
chemical compounds
culture media
drug therapy
Enzymes
Fungi
Fungi - metabolism
Fungi - pathogenicity
Human
Humans
In vivo tests
Inhibitors
Life Sciences
Mycoses - drug therapy
Mycoses - metabolism
Neurobiology
Proteomics
Review
Review Article
Surgical implants
virulence
yeasts
Essential amino acids
Target
Inhibitor
Antifungal
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Summary:Fungal microorganisms, including the human pathogenic yeast and filamentous fungi, are able to synthesize all proteinogenic amino acids, including nine that are essential for humans. A number of enzymes catalyzing particular steps of human-essential amino acid biosynthesis are fungi specific. Numerous studies have shown that auxotrophic mutants of human pathogenic fungi impaired in biosynthesis of particular amino acids exhibit growth defect or at least reduced virulence under in vivo conditions. Several chemical compounds inhibiting activity of one of these enzymes exhibit good antifungal in vitro activity in minimal growth media, which is not always confirmed under in vivo conditions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the present knowledge on pathways of amino acids biosynthesis in fungi, with a special emphasis put on enzymes catalyzing particular steps of these pathways as potential targets for antifungal chemotherapy.
Bibliography:http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00726-014-1873-1
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ISSN:0939-4451
1438-2199
DOI:10.1007/s00726-014-1873-1