Optimal Size and Placement of Water Hammer Protective Devices in Water Conveyance Pipelines

Optimal Size and Placement of Water Hammer Protective Devices in Water Conveyance Pipelines

Positive and negative pressure waves caused by water hammer possibly may lead to high damages to the water conveyance pipelines. To decrease the negative effects of pressure waves, costly equipment are implemented in pipelines. An economic design of these devices that also provides the safety of the...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Water resources management Vol. 33; no. 2; pp. 569 - 590
Main Authors: Yazdi, J., Hokmabadi, A., JaliliGhazizadeh, M. R.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 2019
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adaptive systems
Air chambers
Approximation
Artificial neural networks
Atmospheric Sciences
Cavitation
Civil Engineering
Computer simulation
Costs
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Elastic waves
Environment
Evolutionary algorithms
Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences
Hydrogeology
Hydrology/Water Resources
Mathematical models
Methods
Model accuracy
Modelling
Multiple objective analysis
Neural networks
Optimization
Pipeline protection
Pipelines
Pressure
Pressure effects
Safety
Simulation
Submarine pipelines
Support vector machines
Trouble shooting
Water
Water conveyance
Water damage
Water hammer
Water pipelines
DE
ANN
Water hammer
ANFIS
Surge tank
Optimization
SVR
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Summary:Positive and negative pressure waves caused by water hammer possibly may lead to high damages to the water conveyance pipelines. To decrease the negative effects of pressure waves, costly equipment are implemented in pipelines. An economic design of these devices that also provides the safety of the pipeline against water hammer pressure waves and cavitation can be achieved by simulation and optimization tools. In this paper, the simulation task was carried out by meta modeling. The accuracy of three meta models: artificial neural network (ANN), support vector regression (SVR) and adaptive neuro-fussy inference system (ANFIS) was evaluated. According to the results, SVR was identified as the inferior method due to low capability of generalization, ANFIS as the median, and ANN as the superior method for function approximation. Then, ANN was coupled with an evolutionary algorithm (EA), Differential Evolution (DE) to find the optimal size and location of water hammer control devices in a water pipeline. Optimization was carried out on two single- and multi-objective approaches. The results showed that multi-objective optimization approach presents better designs than the single objective approach and optimal designs obtained by both approaches outperform the current setup of the water hammer facilities in terms of both costs and functionality. The single objective-based design could decrease the costs up to 12.5% whereas multi-objective approach was able to reach nearly 30% cost saving with higher level of the safety against cavitation. Results also showed that air chamber is the most effective device and air-valves have little effect for pipeline protection against water hammer.
ISSN:0920-4741
1573-1650
DOI:10.1007/s11269-018-2120-4