Maternal hypercholesterolemia during gestation is associated with elevated lipid levels of two-day-old neonates

Maternal hypercholesterolemia during gestation is associated with elevated lipid levels of two-day-old neonates

Maternal hypercholesterolemia (MHC) during pregnancy is associated with the risk of developing aortic lesions in fetuses. There is also a possibility of faster progression of atherosclerosis in offspring born to hypercholesterolemic mothers (HCM) during their adulthood. We investigated whether eleva...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular and cellular biochemistry Vol. 479; no. 2; pp. 363 - 371
Main Authors: Jayalekshmi, V. S., Jagannath, R. S., Sreelekshmi, S., Rafeekha, P., Vidyalekshmy, R., Ramachandran, Surya
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New York Springer US 01-02-2024
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Adult
Aorta
Arteriosclerosis
Atherosclerosis
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Birth Weight
Blood
Cancer Research
Cardiology
Cholesterol
Cord blood
Density
Female
Fetuses
Gene expression
Gestation
Humans
Hypercholesterolemia
Infant, Newborn
Life Sciences
Lipids
Lipoproteins
Lipoproteins (very low density)
Lipoproteins, LDL
Major histocompatibility complex
Medical Biochemistry
Neonates
Offspring
Placenta
Postpartum
Pregnancy
Triglycerides
Umbilical cord
Lipid profile
Neonates
Maternal hypercholesterolemia
Atherosclerosis
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Summary:Maternal hypercholesterolemia (MHC) during pregnancy is associated with the risk of developing aortic lesions in fetuses. There is also a possibility of faster progression of atherosclerosis in offspring born to hypercholesterolemic mothers (HCM) during their adulthood. We investigated whether elevated maternal cholesterol levels during pregnancy influence the lipid levels in offspring. We analyzed the lipid profile of mothers during the three trimesters, cord blood (CB) at birth, and neonatal blood (NB) on Day 2 postpartum in the offspring. Cholesterol levels of HCM significantly increased throughout gestation when compared to normocholesterolemic mothers (NCM). CB lipid levels of newborns of HCM were similar to the newborns of NCM. While NB of offspring of HCM had elevated levels of triglycerides (TG) ( p  < 0.01) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) ( p  < 0.01) when compared to the offspring of NCM. MHC also resulted in low newborn birthweight ( p  < 0.05) and low placental efficiency (ratio of newborn birth weight to placental weight) ( p  < 0.01) but no change was observed in umbilical cord length or placental weight. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed no significant changes in the protein expression of genes involved in TG metabolisms such as LDLR, VLDLR, CETP, and PPARG. We report that MHC in mothers decreases placental efficiency and newborn birthweight while increasing lipid levels in neonates on the second postpartum day. Given that TG levels modulate the circulating Low-Density lipoproteins, the increase in these levels in neonates gains importance. Whether these consistently high levels cause atherosclerosis in early adulthood warrants further investigation.
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ISSN:0300-8177
1573-4919
1573-4919
DOI:10.1007/s11010-023-04739-7