Spatially revealed roles for lncRNAs in Drosophila spermatogenesis, Y chromosome function and evolution

Unlike coding genes, the number of lncRNA genes in organism genomes is relatively proportional to organism complexity. From plants to humans, the tissues with highest numbers and levels of lncRNA gene expression are the male reproductive organs. To learn why, we initiated a genome-wide analysis of D...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Nature communications Vol. 15; no. 1; p. 3806
Main Authors:	Shao, Zhantao, Hu, Jack, Jandura, Allison, Wilk, Ronit, Jachimowicz, Matthew, Ma, Lingfeng, Hu, Chun, Sundquist, Abby, Das, Indrani, Samuel-Larbi, Phillip, Brill, Julie A., Krause, Henry M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 07-05-2024 Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio
Subjects:	38 38/32 631/136/2434/1822 631/208/191/2018 631/337/2019 631/337/384/2568 Animals DNA Transposable Elements - genetics Drosophila Drosophila - genetics Drosophila melanogaster - genetics Evolution Evolution, Molecular Evolutionary genetics Fertility Fruit flies Gene expression Genes Genetic analysis Genomes Humanities and Social Sciences Insects Localization Male Males Meiosis multidisciplinary Non-coding RNA Polyadenylation Reproductive organs RNA, Long Noncoding - genetics RNA, Long Noncoding - metabolism Science Science (multidisciplinary) Seminal fluid Spermatids Spermatids - metabolism Spermatogenesis Spermatogenesis - genetics Y Chromosome - genetics Y chromosomes
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Summary:	Unlike coding genes, the number of lncRNA genes in organism genomes is relatively proportional to organism complexity. From plants to humans, the tissues with highest numbers and levels of lncRNA gene expression are the male reproductive organs. To learn why, we initiated a genome-wide analysis of Drosophila lncRNA spatial expression patterns in these tissues. The numbers of genes and levels of expression observed greatly exceed those previously reported, due largely to a preponderance of non-polyadenylated transcripts. In stark contrast to coding genes, the highest numbers of lncRNAs expressed are in post-meiotic spermatids. Correlations between expression levels, localization and previously performed genetic analyses indicate high levels of function and requirement. More focused analyses indicate that lncRNAs play major roles in evolution by controlling transposable element activities, Y chromosome gene expression and sperm construction. A new type of lncRNA-based particle found in seminal fluid may also contribute to reproductive outcomes. In Drosophila , long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are expressed most highly in male germline cells. Here the authors report the subcellular distributions of approximately 600 Drosophila lncRNAs in male reproductive tissues, indicating potential involvement in spermatogenesis, fertility and evolution.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2041-1723 2041-1723
DOI:	10.1038/s41467-024-47346-w