A Preliminary Investigation on the Antiviral Activities of the Philippine Marshmint (Mentha arvensis) Leaf Extracts against Dengue Virus Serotype 2 In Vitro

In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of lyophilized crude leaf extracts of the Philippine marshmint (Mentha arvensis L., commonly called yerba buena) against DENV-2 in vitro. The plant specimen was authenticated by DNA barcoding analysis using standard primers for amplification of r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Kobe journal of the medical sciences Vol. 67; no. 3; pp. E98 - E111
Main Authors:	Victoriano-Belvis, Ann Florence B, Lao, Raphaella G, Morato, Maria Katrina T, Repotente, Elmer Casley T, Saclauso, Shirhasernamin A, Inovejas, Samuel Alan B, Matias, Ronald R
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Japan Kobe University School Of Medicine 2021
Subjects:	Animals Antiviral Agents - pharmacology Chlorocebus aethiops Dengue Virus Mentha Philippines Plant Extracts - pharmacology Serogroup Vero Cells Philippines antivirals yerba buena Mentha arvensis anti-dengue
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Summary:	In this study, we investigated the antiviral activity of lyophilized crude leaf extracts of the Philippine marshmint (Mentha arvensis L., commonly called yerba buena) against DENV-2 in vitro. The plant specimen was authenticated by DNA barcoding analysis using standard primers for amplification of rbcL, matK, ITS1, ITS2 and trnH-psbA. Aqueous, methanol and ethanol leaf extracts were prepared, and lyophilized prior to testing for its cytotoxicity and antiviral activities. All extracts presented cytotoxic activities against Vero cells in a dose-dependent manner. Half maximal cytotoxicity concentration (CC50) was calculated at 2,889.60 µg/mL for the aqueous extract, 1,928.62 µg/mL for the methanol extract, and 3,380.30 µg/mL for the ethanol extract. Antiviral activities assessed by plaque reduction assay revealed reduced DENV-2 viral infectivity, with the ethanol extract observed to have the strongest activity decreasing plaque numbers by 62% relative to the control. The methanol extract was observed to be most effective when added before infection causing 72% reduction in plaque numbers, whereas none of the extracts inhibited plaque formation by more than 40% when added after infection. DENV-2 NS1 antigen production was significantly reduced by the methanol extract, while viral RNA levels were also decreased as determined by real time RT-PCR. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids, phenolics, tannins, proteins, reducing sugars and saponins. Our preliminary results are promising, however, it should be interpreted with caution as further studies are needed to establish its potential therapeutic application against dengue infection.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0023-2513 1883-0498