Microbial variations in sputum cultures among hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia: differences in sputum microbiota between asthma and COPD patients

To assess differences in the sputum microbiota of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients with either COPD or asthma, specifically focusing on a patient population in Turkey. This retrospective study included hospitalized patients > 18 years of age with a diagnosis of pneumonia between Januar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia Vol. 50; no. 2; p. e20230329
Main Authors:	Uzer, Fatih, Karaboğa, Burcu, Çalış, A Gamze, Kaplan, Nermin, Gedik, Rojan Barış, Durmuş, Ahmet Alper, Inanc, Umut Barış, Akgün, Metin
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Brazil Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisiologia 2024
Subjects:	Aged Aged, 80 and over Asthma Asthma - microbiology Community-acquired infections Community-Acquired Infections - microbiology Culture techniques Female Hospitalization Humans Male Microbiota Middle Aged Original Patient admission Pneumonia - microbiology Pneumonia, Bacterial - microbiology Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive - microbiology RESPIRATORY SYSTEM Retrospective Studies Sputum Sputum - microbiology Turkey Turkey Patient admission Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive Culture techniques Community-acquired infections Sputum Asthma
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Summary:	To assess differences in the sputum microbiota of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) patients with either COPD or asthma, specifically focusing on a patient population in Turkey. This retrospective study included hospitalized patients > 18 years of age with a diagnosis of pneumonia between January of 2021 and January of 2023. Participants were recruited from two hospitals, and three patient groups were considered: CAP patients with asthma, CAP patients with COPD, and CAP patients without COPD or asthma. A total of 246 patients with CAP were included in the study, 184 (74.8%) and 62 (25.2%) being males and females, with a mean age of 66 ± 14 years. Among the participants, 52.9% had COPD, 14.2% had asthma, and 32.9% had CAP but no COPD or asthma. Upon analysis of sputum cultures, positive sputum culture growth was observed in 52.9% of patients. The most commonly isolated microorganisms were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 40), Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 20), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 16), and Moraxella catarrhalis (n = 8). CAP patients with COPD were more likely to have a positive sputum culture (p = 0.038), a history of antibiotic use within the past three months (p = 0.03), utilization of long-term home oxygen therapy (p < 0.001), and use of noninvasive ventilation (p = 0.001) when compared with the other patient groups. Additionally, CAP patients with COPD had a higher CURB-65 score when compared with CAP patients with asthma (p = 0.004). This study demonstrates that CAP patients with COPD tend to have more severe presentations, while CAP patients with asthma show varied microbial profiles, underscoring the need for patient-specific management strategies in CAP.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 CONFLICTS OF INTEREST: None declared.
ISSN:	1806-3756 1806-3713 1806-3756
DOI:	10.36416/1806-3756/e20230329