Zinc finger–zinc finger interaction between the transcription factors, GATA-1 and Sp1

► The zinc fingers of the transcription factors, Sp1 and GATA-1, interact with each other. ► The zinc finger–zinc finger interaction is an entropically driven process. ► The basic loop region of the GATA-1 zinc finger is involved in the interaction. ► The linker regions of the Sp1 zinc finger are in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biochemical and biophysical research communications Vol. 400; no. 4; pp. 625 - 630
Main Authors:	Imanishi, Miki, Imamura, Chika, Higashi, Chika, Yan, Wei, Negi, Shigeru, Futaki, Shiroh, Sugiura, Yukio
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Elsevier Inc 01-10-2010
Subjects:	Amino Acid Sequence DNA GATA-1 GATA1 Transcription Factor - genetics GATA1 Transcription Factor - metabolism Humans Molecular Sequence Data Mutation Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs Protein Interaction Mapping Protein–protein interaction Sp1 Sp1 Transcription Factor - genetics Sp1 Transcription Factor - metabolism Static Electricity Zinc finger Zinc Fingers Sp1 Zinc finger GATA-1 ITC TN Protein–protein interaction Tris
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Summary:	► The zinc fingers of the transcription factors, Sp1 and GATA-1, interact with each other. ► The zinc finger–zinc finger interaction is an entropically driven process. ► The basic loop region of the GATA-1 zinc finger is involved in the interaction. ► The linker regions of the Sp1 zinc finger are involved in the interaction. ► A new function of the linker as a mediator of the protein–protein interaction is proposed. In contrast to the extensive understanding of the zinc finger–DNA interactions, less is known about zinc finger–zinc finger interactions. GATA-1 and Sp1 are transcription factors with zinc finger domains for DNA binding. The interaction between the GATA-1 and Sp1 zinc finger domains is important for synergistic transcriptional effects in erythroid genes. Despite the biological importance of the GATA-1 and Sp1 interaction, the molecular mechanism of the interaction remains unclear. We constructed a series of deletion mutants of the zinc finger domains of GATA-1 and Sp1 to identify the regions within the GATA-1 and Sp1 zinc finger domains that interact. The zinc finger–zinc finger interaction modes were also estimated from calorimetric measurements. This revealed that the interaction between the Sp1 and GATA-1 zinc finger domains was primarily electrostatic, and that the linker region of the Sp1 zinc fingers is important for the association with the GATA-1 zinc finger domains. We propose a new molecular mechanism for zinc finger–zinc finger interactions that should contribute to our understanding of the bio-functional role of the interaction between GATA-1 and Sp1.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-2 ObjectType-Feature-1
ISSN:	0006-291X 1090-2104
DOI:	10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.08.116