Valorization of Kraft black liquor and tannins via porous material production

Macroporous polymeric monoliths were prepared using, as main raw material, mixtures of hydrolysable and condensed tannins and Kraft black liquor from pulp industry. The process consists of mechanical frothing of aqueous solutions constituted with the different polyphenols, a hardener, and in the pre...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Arabian journal of chemistry Vol. 12; no. 8; pp. 4731 - 4739
Main Authors:	Merle, Juliette, Birot, Marc, Deleuze, Hervé, Trinsoutrot, Pierre, Carré, Hélène, Huyette, Quentin, Charrier-El Bouhtoury, Fatima
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-12-2019 Elsevier
Subjects:	Biobased porous materials Chemical Sciences Kraft black liquor Physical characterizations Tannins Tannins Biobased porous materials Kraft black liquor Physical characterizations Compression modulus Porous materials Thermal insulation Kraft process Physical characterization Sound absorption characteristic Medium frequencies Scanning electronic microscopy Construction industry Characterization Mercury porosimetry Flavonoids Sound insulating materials Sound insulation Solutions Thermal conductivity Acoustic wave absorption Bio-based
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Summary:	Macroporous polymeric monoliths were prepared using, as main raw material, mixtures of hydrolysable and condensed tannins and Kraft black liquor from pulp industry. The process consists of mechanical frothing of aqueous solutions constituted with the different polyphenols, a hardener, and in the presence of a surfactant that maintains the foam stable before curing. The aim of this work was to study the contribution in the formulations of Kraft black liquor on physical properties for the foams. This objective was justified by the significantly lower cost of black liquor as compared with that of tannins. The target application is the thermal and sound insulation in the building industry. The materials obtained were characterized by scanning electronic microscopy, mercury porosimetry and mechanical, thermal and acoustical measurements. Solid, self-standing foams with an average porosity of 90% and an average cell diameter between 170 and 329μm were obtained. The measured values of compression modulus ranged from 1.8 up to 21.6MPa and the thermal conductivity was around 40mW·K−1m−1. The materials showed also good sound absorption characteristics at medium frequencies with coefficients of 0.5 (500Hz) and 0.8 (1000Hz) and at high frequencies with coefficients of 0.7 (2000Hz) and 0.8 (4000Hz).
ISSN:	1878-5352 1878-5379
DOI:	10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.09.006