Effects of dietary fat modification on skeletal muscle fatty acid handling in the metabolic syndrome

Objective: In the metabolic syndrome (MetS), increased fat storage in ‘nonadipose’ tissues such as skeletal muscle may be related to insulin resistance (‘lipid overflow’ hypothesis). The objective of this study was to examine the effects of dietary fat modification on the capacity of skeletal muscle...

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Published in:	International Journal of Obesity Vol. 34; no. 5; pp. 859 - 870
Main Authors:	Hees, A.M.J. van, Saris, W.H.M, Hul, G.B, Schaper, N.C, Timmerman, B.E, Lovegrove, J.A, Roche, H.M, Blaak, E.E
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 01-05-2010 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	631/443/319/2723 692/699/2743/2037 692/700/565/2072 Adipose tissues Adult Aged Biological and medical sciences Blood pressure Body fat Diet Dietary fat Dietary Fats - administration & dosage Dietary Fats - metabolism Epidemiology Fasting Fatty acids Fatty Acids - blood Feeding Behavior - physiology Health aspects Health Promotion and Disease Prevention high fat diet Humans Hypotheses Insulin resistance Insulin Resistance - physiology Internal Medicine Lipids Male Medical sciences Medicine Medicine & Public Health men Metabolic Diseases Metabolic disorders Metabolic syndrome Metabolic Syndrome - blood Metabolic Syndrome - metabolism Metabolic Syndrome - physiopathology Metabolic syndrome X Metabolites Middle Aged Miscellaneous Muscle, Skeletal - metabolism Musculoskeletal system Nutrition research Obesity Oils & fats original-article Other metabolic disorders Overflow Physiological aspects Postprandial Period Public Health Risk factors skeletal muscle Netherlands United Kingdom > UK metabolic syndrome skeletal muscle LIPGENE stable isotope methodology dietary fat lipid metabolism Endocrinopathy Modification Obesity Methodology Nutrition Nutrition disorder Cardiovascular disease Lipids Metabolic diseases Striated muscle Metabolism Metabolic syndrome Fatty acids Feeding Food intake Isotopes Nutritional status Handling
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Summary:	Objective: In the metabolic syndrome (MetS), increased fat storage in ‘nonadipose’ tissues such as skeletal muscle may be related to insulin resistance (‘lipid overflow’ hypothesis). The objective of this study was to examine the effects of dietary fat modification on the capacity of skeletal muscle to handle dietary and endogenous fatty acids (FAs). Subjects and Methods: In total, 29 men with the MetS were randomly assigned to one of four diets for 12 weeks: a high-fat saturated fat diet (HSFA, n=6), a high-fat monounsaturated fat diet (HMUFA, n=7) and two low-fat high-complex carbohydrate diets supplemented with (LFHCCn−3, n=8) or without (LFHCC, n=8) 1.24 g per day docosahexaenoic and eicosapentaenoic acid. Fasting and postprandial skeletal muscle FA handling was examined by measuring arteriovenous concentration differences across the forearm muscle. [2H2]-palmitate was infused intravenously to label endogenous triacylglycerol (TAG) and free fatty acids in the circulation and subjects received a high-fat mixed meal (2.6 MJ, 61 energy% fat) containing [U-13C]-palmitate to label chylomicron-TAG. Results: Postprandial circulating TAG concentrations were significantly lower after dietary intervention in the LFHCCn−3 group compared to the HSFA group (ΔiAUC −139±67 vs 167±70 μmol l−1 min−1, P=0.009), together with decreased concentrations of [U-13C]-labeled TAG, representing dietary FA. Fasting TAG clearance across forearm muscle was decreased on the HSFA diet, whereas no differences were observed in postprandial forearm muscle FA handling between diets. Conclusion: Chronic manipulation of dietary fat quantity and quality did not affect forearm muscle FA handling in men with the MetS. Postprandial TAG concentrations decreased on the LFHCCn−3 diet, which could be (partly) explained by lower concentration of dietary FA in the circulation.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2010.6 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0307-0565 1476-5497
DOI:	10.1038/ijo.2010.6