Viability and stability of biological control agents on cotton and snap bean seeds

Cotton and snap bean were selected for a multi‐year, multi‐state regional (south‐eastern USA) research project to evaluate the efficacy of both commercial and experimental bacterial and fungal biological control agents for the management of damping‐off diseases. The goal for this portion of the proj...

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Published in:	Pest management science Vol. 57; no. 8; pp. 695 - 706
Main Authors:	Elliott, Monica L, Jardin, Elizabeth A Des, Batson Jr, William E, Caceres, Jacobo, Brannen, Philip M, Howell, Charles R, Benson, D Michael, Conway, Kenneth E, Rothrock, Craig S, Schneider, Raymond W, Ownley, Bonnie H, Canaday, Craig H, Keinath, Anthony P, Huber, Donald M, Sumner, Donald R, Motsenbocker, Carl E, Thaxton, Peggy M, Cubeta, Marc A, Adams, Pamela D, Backman, Paul A, Fajardo, Julius, Newman, Melvin A, Pereira, Roberto M
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Chichester, UK John Wiley & Sons, Ltd 01-08-2001 Wiley
Subjects:	Arthrobacter Bacillaceae - physiology Bacillus Beauveria bassiana Biological and medical sciences Biological control Burkholderia Burkholderia - physiology Control Drug Stability Fabaceae - microbiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fungal plant pathogens Gossypium Gossypium - microbiology Gossypium hirsutum Mitosporic Fungi - physiology Paenibacillus Pest Control, Biological - methods Phaseolus vulgaris Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Plant Diseases - microbiology Pseudomonas Pseudomonas - physiology seed treatments Seeds - drug effects Seeds - microbiology Trichoderma United States North America America USA Malvaceae Pseudomonadales DAMPING OFF Trichoderma Plant pathogen Mycosis Paenibacillus Pythium Biological control Phycomycetes Biological agent Bacillaceae Fiber crop Fungi Beauveria bassiana Bacillales Dicotyledones Burkholderia cepacia Angiospermae Bacillus Bacteria Pseudomonadaceae Rhizoctonia solani Fungi Imperfecti Antagonist Thallophyta Stability Pseudomonas fluorescens Infection Grain legume Leguminosae Phaseolus vulgaris Seed Spermatophyta Gossypium hirsutum Viability
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Summary:	Cotton and snap bean were selected for a multi‐year, multi‐state regional (south‐eastern USA) research project to evaluate the efficacy of both commercial and experimental bacterial and fungal biological control agents for the management of damping‐off diseases. The goal for this portion of the project was to determine the viability and stability of biological agents after application to seed. The biological seed treatments used included: (1) Bacillaceae bacteria, (2) non‐Bacillaceae bacteria, (3) the fungus Trichoderma and (4) the fungus Beauveria bassiana. Seed assays were conducted to evaluate the following application factors: short‐term (≤3 months) stability after seed treatment; quality (ie isolate purity); compatibility with chemical pesticides and other biocontrol agents; application uniformity between years and plant species. For the bacterial treatments, the Bacillaceae genera (Bacillus and Paenibacillus) maintained the greatest population of bacteria per seed, the best viability over time and the best application uniformity across years and seed type. The non‐Bacillaceae genera Burkholderia and Pseudomonas had the least viability and uniformity. Although Beauveria bassiana was only evaluated one year, the seed fungal populations were high and uniform. The seed fungal populations and uniformity for the Trichoderma isolates were more variable, except for the commercial product T‐22. However, this product was contaminated with a Streptomyces isolate in both the years that it was evaluated. The study demonstrated that Bacillaceae can be mixed with Trichoderma isolates or with numerous pesticides to provide an integrated pest control/growth enhancement package. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Bibliography:	ark:/67375/WNG-HFRCTDT6-B ArticleID:PS342 istex:9C226578219D794BE1658908C72EDB097C0992E5 USDA, CSREES, Southern Region - No. IPM 97-34103-5036 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2
ISSN:	1526-498X 1526-4998
DOI:	10.1002/ps.342