Effects of two personalized dietary strategies during a 2‐year intervention in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized trial

Effects of two personalized dietary strategies during a 2‐year intervention in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized trial

Background and objectives Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management is focused on lifestyle modifications, but long‐term maintenance is a challenge for many individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the long‐term effects of two personalized energy‐restricted dietary strategies on weight lo...

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Published in:Liver international Vol. 41; no. 7; pp. 1532 - 1544
Main Authors: Marin‐Alejandre, Bertha A., Cantero, Irene, Perez‐Diaz‐del‐Campo, Nuria, Monreal, Jose I., Elorz, Mariana, Herrero, Jose I., Benito‐Boillos, Alberto, Quiroga, Jorge, Martinez‐Echeverria, Ana, Uriz‐Otano, Juan I., Huarte‐Muniesa, Maria P., Tur, Josep A., Martinez, Jose A., Abete, Itziar, Zulet, Maria A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-07-2021
Subjects:
Adiponectin
AHA
Anthropometry
Body composition
Body weight
Body weight loss
Customization
Diet
Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
Fatty liver
FLiO
Liver
Liver diseases
Magnetic resonance imaging
Mediterranean diet
Metabolism
NAFLD
Obesity
Overweight
Parameters
Stiffness
Weight control
Weight loss
Weight reduction
NAFLD
AHA
fatty liver
FLiO
Mediterranean diet
obesity
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Summary:Background and objectives Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) management is focused on lifestyle modifications, but long‐term maintenance is a challenge for many individuals. This study aimed to evaluate the long‐term effects of two personalized energy‐restricted dietary strategies on weight loss, metabolic and hepatic outcomes in overweight/obese subjects with NAFLD. Methods Ninety‐eight subjects from the Fatty Liver in Obesity (FLiO) study (NCT03183193) were randomly assigned to the American Heart Association (AHA) or the FLiO dietary group in a 2‐year controlled trial. Anthropometry, body composition (DXA), biochemical parameters and hepatic status (ultrasonography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and elastography) were assessed at baseline, 6, 12 and 24 months. Results Both the AHA and FLiO diets significantly reduced body weight at 6 (−9.7% vs −10.1%), 12 (−6.7% vs −9.6%), and 24 months (−4.8% vs −7.6%) with significant improvements in body composition, biochemical and liver determinations throughout the intervention. At the end of the follow‐up, the FLiO group showed a greater decrease in ALT, liver stiffness and Fatty Liver Index, among others, compared to AHA group, although these differences were attenuated when the analyses were adjusted by weight loss percentage. The FLiO group also showed a greater increase in adiponectin compared to AHA group. Conclusions The AHA and FLiO diets were able to improve body weight and body composition, as well as metabolic and hepatic status of participants with overweight/obesity and NAFLD within a 2‐year follow‐up. These findings show that both strategies are suitable alternatives for NAFLD management. However, the FLiO strategy may provide more persistent benefits in metabolic and hepatic parameters.
Bibliography:Funding information
Itziar Abete and Maria A. Zulet contributed equally.
Trial registration number
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This research was funded by the Health Department of the Government of Navarra (61/2015), CIBERobn (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition) (CB12/03/3002), Fundació La Marató de TV3 (201630.10). BAM‐A. was supported by predoctoral research grant from Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT) y el Estado de Michoacán (440104/2016).
NCT03183193
www.clinicaltrials.gov
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ISSN:1478-3223
1478-3231
DOI:10.1111/liv.14818