National Monkeypox Surveillance, Central African Republic, 2001-2021

National Monkeypox Surveillance, Central African Republic, 2001-2021

We analyzed monkeypox disease surveillance in Central African Republic (CAR) during 2001-2021. Surveillance data show 95 suspected outbreaks, 40 of which were confirmed as monkeypox, comprising 99 confirmed and 61 suspected monkeypox cases. After 2018, CAR's annual rate of confirmed outbreaks i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Emerging infectious diseases Vol. 28; no. 12; pp. 2435 - 2445
Main Authors: Besombes, Camille, Mbrenga, Festus, Schaeffer, Laura, Malaka, Christian, Gonofio, Ella, Landier, Jordi, Vickos, Ulrich, Konamna, Xavier, Selekon, Benjamin, Dankpea, Joella Namsenei, Von Platen, Cassandre, Houndjahoue, Franck Gislain, Ouaïmon, Daniel Sylver, Hassanin, Alexandre, Berthet, Nicolas, Manuguerra, Jean-Claude, Gessain, Antoine, Fontanet, Arnaud, Nakouné-Yandoko, Emmanuel
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States U.S. National Center for Infectious Diseases 01-12-2022
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Subjects:
Adolescent
Africa, Central
Africa, Central - epidemiology
Central Africa
Central African Republic
Central African Republic - epidemiology
Child
Disease control
Disease Outbreaks
Environmental changes
Epidemics
Human monkeypox
Humans
Infections
Investigations
Life Sciences
Local communities
Medical laboratories
Monkeypox
Monkeypox virus
Monkeypox virus - genetics
Mpox (monkeypox) - epidemiology
National Monkeypox Surveillance, Central African Republic, 2001–2021
national surveillance
outbreak investigation
Outbreaks
Public health
Risk factors
Sentinel health events
Smallpox
Statistics
Surveillance
Africa, Central
Central African Republic
Nigeria
United States > US
Africa
viruses
national surveillance
emerging infectious diseases
monkeypox
zoonoses
Central African Republic
Central Africa
monkeypox virus
outbreak investigation
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Description
Summary:We analyzed monkeypox disease surveillance in Central African Republic (CAR) during 2001-2021. Surveillance data show 95 suspected outbreaks, 40 of which were confirmed as monkeypox, comprising 99 confirmed and 61 suspected monkeypox cases. After 2018, CAR's annual rate of confirmed outbreaks increased, and 65% of outbreaks occurred in 2 forested regions bordering the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The median patient age for confirmed cases was 15.5 years. The overall case-fatality ratio was 7.5% (12/160) for confirmed and suspected cases, 9.6% (8/83) for children <16 years of age. Decreasing cross-protective immunity from smallpox vaccination and recent ecologic alterations likely contribute to increased monkeypox outbreaks in Central Africa. High fatality rates associated with monkeypox virus clade I also are a local and international concern. Ongoing investigations of zoonotic sources and environmental changes that increase human exposure could inform practices to prevent monkeypox expansion into local communities and beyond endemic areas.
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PMCID: PMC9707566
ISSN:1080-6040
1080-6059
DOI:10.3201/eid2812.220897