Comparison of Chemical and Cell-Based Antioxidant Methods for Evaluation of Foods and Natural Products: Generating Multifaceted Data by Parallel Testing Using Erythrocytes and Polymorphonuclear Cells

The objective of this study was to compare three tests frequently used for evaluation of antioxidant potential in natural products: (1) oxygen radical absorbance assay (ORAC), (2) cell-based antioxidant protection in an erythrocyte model (CAP-e), and (3) reactive oxygen species formation in polymorp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry Vol. 56; no. 18; pp. 8319 - 8325
Main Authors:	Honzel, Dana, Carter, Steve G, Redman, Kimberlee A, Schauss, Alexander G, Endres, John R, Jensen, Gitte S
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Washington, DC American Chemical Society 24-09-2008
Subjects:	Adult anti-inflammatory activity antioxidants Antioxidants - analysis Antioxidants - pharmacology assays Bioactive Constituents Biological and medical sciences erythrocytes Erythrocytes - chemistry Fish and seafood industries food analysis food composition Food industries foods free radicals Fruit - chemistry Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Hydrogen Peroxide - pharmacology inflammation Middle Aged Neutrophils - chemistry oxygen radical absorbance assay polymorphonuclear cells reactive oxygen species Reactive Oxygen Species - blood Reactive Oxygen Species - chemistry oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay cell-based antioxidant protection assay (CAP-e) polymorphonuclear method Antioxidant erythrocyte Bass Edible fish Evaluation Oxygen Chemical method Natural product Assay Absorbance Cell Protection By product Food
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Summary:	The objective of this study was to compare three tests frequently used for evaluation of antioxidant potential in natural products: (1) oxygen radical absorbance assay (ORAC), (2) cell-based antioxidant protection in an erythrocyte model (CAP-e), and (3) reactive oxygen species formation in polymorphonuclear cells (ROS PMN). The methods were applied to four natural products, all containing antioxidants capable of entering and protecting cells in the CAP-e assay. The magnitude of this effect was not directly correlated to the ORAC value of each product. Furthermore, the products showed different effects in the ROS PMN assay. Açai provided strong inhibition of ROS formation, indicating anti-inflammatory properties. In contrast, Immunel and EpiCor mildly enhanced ROS formation, suggesting activation of the innate immune response. HA Joint Formula showed a complex, nonlinear dose-response in the ROS PMN assay. This illustrates that complex natural products may have similar antioxidant properties but different effects on human cells. Cell-based antioxidant protection is addressed best in the CAP-e assay, since some natural products contain compounds that may provoke cellular signaling in other cell types. The PMN cell type is a useful model for assessment of overall anti-inflammatory versus immune supportive properties of a product. The sequential use of the three methods serves to bridge analytical and biological testing methods.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf800401d ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0021-8561 1520-5118
DOI:	10.1021/jf800401d