Effect of naturally occurring Wolbachia in Anopheles gambiae s.l. mosquitoes from Mali on Plasmodium falciparum malaria transmission

A naturally occurring Wolbachia strain (wAnga-Mali) was identified in mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex collected in the Malian villages of Dangassa and Kenieroba. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence of two 16S rRNA regions showed that wAnga-Mali clusters with Wolbachia strain...

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Published in:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - PNAS Vol. 114; no. 47; pp. 12566 - 12571
Main Authors:	Gomes, Fabio M., Hixson, Bretta L., Tyner, Miles D. W., Ramirez, Jose Luis, Canepa, Gaspar E., Silva, Thiago Luiz Alves e, Molina-Cruz, Alvaro, Keita, Moussa, Kane, Fouseyni, Traoré, Boïssé, Sogoba, Nafomon, Barillas-Mury, Carolina
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States National Academy of Sciences 21-11-2017
Subjects:	Animals Anopheles - microbiology Anopheles - parasitology Anopheles gambiae Aquatic insects Biological Sciences Ctenocephalides felis Culicidae Disease transmission Female Females Homology Host-Parasite Interactions Host-Pathogen Interactions Infections Insect Vectors - microbiology Insect Vectors - parasitology M form Malaria Malaria, Falciparum - epidemiology Malaria, Falciparum - parasitology Malaria, Falciparum - pathology Malaria, Falciparum - transmission Mali - epidemiology Mosquitoes Nucleotide sequence Oocysts - pathogenicity Oocysts - physiology Phylogenetics Phylogeny Plasmodium falciparum Plasmodium falciparum - microbiology Quantitative analysis Ribonucleic acid RNA RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Severity of Illness Index Sporozoites Sporozoites - pathogenicity Sporozoites - physiology Vector-borne diseases Wolbachia Wolbachia - classification Wolbachia - genetics Wolbachia - isolation & purification Plasmodium Anopheles malaria Wolbachia mosquito
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Summary:	A naturally occurring Wolbachia strain (wAnga-Mali) was identified in mosquitoes of the Anopheles gambiae complex collected in the Malian villages of Dangassa and Kenieroba. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequence of two 16S rRNA regions showed that wAnga-Mali clusters with Wolbachia strains from supergroup A and has the highest homology to a Wolbachia strain isolated from cat fleas (Ctenocephalides). wAnga-Mali is different from two Wolbachia strains previously reported in A. gambiae from Burkina Faso (wAnga_VK5_STP and wAnga_VK5_3.1a). Quantitative analysis of Wolbachia and Plasmodium sporozoite infection in field-collected mosquitoes indicates that the prevalence and intensity of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite infection is significantly lower in Wolbachia-infected females. The presence of Wolbachia in females from a laboratory Anopheles coluzzii (A. gambiae, M form) colony experimentally infected with P. falciparum (NF54 strain) gametocyte cultures slightly enhanced oocyst infection. However, Wolbachia infection significantly reduced the prevalence and intensity of sporozoite infection, as observed in the field. This indicates that wAnga-Mali infection does not limit early stages of Plasmodium infection in the mosquito, but it has a strong deleterious effect on sporozoites and reduces malaria transmission.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Contributed by Carolina Barillas-Mury, October 16, 2017 (sent for review September 20, 2017; reviewed by Luciano A. Moreira and Zhijian Jake Tu) Reviewers: L.A.M., Fundação Oswaldo Cruz; and Z.J.T., Virginia Tech. 1Present address: Crop Bioprotection Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604. Author contributions: F.M.G., M.K., N.S., and C.B.-M. designed research; F.M.G., B.L.H., M.D.W.T., J.L.R., G.E.C., T.L.A.e.S., A.M.-C., M.K., F.K., and B.T. performed research; F.M.G., B.L.H., M.D.W.T., J.L.R., and N.S. analyzed data; C.B.-M. edited figures; and F.M.G. and C.B.-M. wrote the paper.
ISSN:	0027-8424 1091-6490
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.1716181114