A comparison of smartphone and infrasound microphone data from a fuel air explosive and a high explosive

For prompt detection of large (>1 kt) above-ground explosions, infrasound microphone networks and arrays are deployed at surveyed locations across the world. Denser regional and local networks are deployed for smaller explosions, however, they are limited in number and are often deployed temporar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America Vol. 156; no. 3; pp. 1509 - 1523
Main Authors:	Takazawa, S. K., Popenhagen, S. K., Ocampo Giraldo, L. A., Cardenas, E. S., Hix, J. D., Thompson, S. J., Chichester, D. L., Garcés, M. A.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States Acoustical Society of America 01-09-2024
Subjects:	Acoustic phenomena Atmospheric processes ETI Explosion Monitoring Explosives Fourier analysis Measuring instruments Microphones NUCLEAR DISARMAMENT, SAFEGUARDS, AND PHYSICAL PROTECTION OTHER INSTRUMENTATION Shock waves Signal processing Speed of sound Time-frequency analysis
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Summary:	For prompt detection of large (>1 kt) above-ground explosions, infrasound microphone networks and arrays are deployed at surveyed locations across the world. Denser regional and local networks are deployed for smaller explosions, however, they are limited in number and are often deployed temporarily for experiments. With the expanded interest in smaller yield explosions targeted at vulnerable areas such as population centers and key infrastructures, the need for more dense microphone networks has increased. An “attritable” (affordable, reusable, and replaceable) and flexible alternative can be provided by smartphone networks. Explosion signals from a fuel air explosive (thermobaric bomb) and a high explosive with trinitrotoluene equivalent yields of 6.35 and 3.63 kg, respectively, were captured on both an infrasound microphone and a network of smartphones. The resulting waveforms were compared in time, frequency, and time-frequency domains. The acoustic waveforms collected on smartphones produced a filtered explosion pulse due to the smartphone's diminishing frequency response at infrasound frequencies (<20 Hz) and was found difficult to be used with explosion characterization methods utilizing waveform features (peak overpressure, impulse, etc.). However, the similarities in time frequency representations and additional sensor inputs are promising for other explosion signal identification and analysis. As an example, a method utilizing the relative acoustic amplitudes for source localization using the smartphone sensor network is presented.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 AC07-05ID14517; NA0003920; NA0003921 INL/JOU-23-72657-Rev000 USDOE National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), Office of Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation
ISSN:	0001-4966 1520-8524 1520-8524
DOI:	10.1121/10.0028379